Anesthesia management for retrograde aortic valve replacement

Transcatheter aortic valve implantation for high risk patients With severe aortic stenosis using the Edwards Sapien balloon‐expandable bioprosthesis: A single centre study with immediate and medium‐term outcomes

“…TCAVI was performed under general anesthesia either in the catheterization laboratory (TF‐AVI) or in the operating room (TA‐AVI) [9, 10]. TEE was used for all procedures [11].…”

Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement

“…Alternatively, MAC with noninvasive ventilation assistance 70 and local anesthetic infiltration provides for a responsive patient, enabling neurologic assessment during the procedure. 28,63,70,[74][75][76] Furthermore, avoidance of anesthetics provides for more stable hemodynamics and potentially shortens hospital stay. 74,77 If TEE guidance is required for the procedure, BGA is a better choice, but echocardiographic imaging can be obtained via TTE or a brief TEE-probe insertion in a sedated patient.…”