AnEntomophthora sp. [Entomophthorales:Entomophthoraceae] pathogenic toThrips spp. [Thysan.: Thripidae] and its potential as a biological control agent in glasshouses

Carl, K. P.

doi:10.1007/bf02371592

Cited by 16 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…For certain pests, the reproduction rate in the field will also influence susceptibility. The density of the host population is an important factor in the epizootiology of mycosis (MacLeod et al 1966;Missonier et al 1970;Robert et al 1973;Wilding & Lauckner, 1974;Carl, 1975;Wilding, 1975;Suter & Keller, 1977). An epizootic generally occurs only if a host population is high (Remaudiere et al 1981).…”

Section: (B) Biotic Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungi as biological control agents of arthropods of agricultural and medical importance

Hall¹,

Papierok

1982

Parasitology

145

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SUMMARYThere are many species of fungi attacking terrestrial and aquatic insects of agricultural and medical importance. Of these, few species have received much attention with a view to their use as biological control agents. The mechanisms of infection have been comparatively well studied, although many questions remain to be answered. The knowledge so far obtained has shed some light on the reasons for host specificity. Temperature, above all relative humidity, and their interactions are the most important physical factors influencing infection of terrestrial insects by entomopathogenic fungi and these are discussed in relation to epizootiological events. In aquatic environments, temperature, salinity and organic pollution are the important factors. In addition to these physical factors, numerous biotic factors at the level of the insect and the fungal pathogen influence both infection and spread of disease in insect populations. The complexity of the interactions of the biotic and abiotic factors makes it extremely difficult to study the influence of any one of these. Virulence of fungal pathogens and its measurement are discussed, together with the shortcomings of present bioassay systems; virtually no laboratory bioassay system exists which has been designed to yield data meaningful in the field. Mass-production techniques are described as are their inherent problems and those of formulation and storage. Finally, the achievements of fungal control of insects in the field are reviewed. Thus far, several species are mass-produced and are in widespread use, two of which,Verticillium lecaniiandHirsutella thompsonii, have been commercialized. More studies, ecological, fundamental and developmental are required in this field to realize fully the potential of other candidate fungi.

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Section: (B) Biotic Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungi as biological control agents of arthropods of agricultural and medical importance

Hall¹,

Papierok

1982

Parasitology

145

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“…In recent years, biological pest control, including use of entomopathogenic fungi, has been attracting much attention. Many studies on the control of thrips using entomopathogenic fungi have been carried out (Carl, 1975;Saito, 1991Saito, , 1992Heyler, 1993;Kurogi et al, 1993;Vestergaad et al, 1995;Castineiras et al, 1996;Ekesi and Maniania, 2000;Maniania et al, 2001Maniania et al, , 2003Meyer et al, 2002). Entomopathogenic fungi were used for the control of major thrips pests, such as F. occidentalis and T. tabaci, but the pathogenicity of the fungi to other minor pest thrips has been unclear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Susceptibility of five species of thrips to different strains of the entomopathogenic fungus, Beauveria bassiana

Abe

Ikegami

2005

Appl. Entomol. Zool.

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The susceptibilities of five thrips species, Frankliniella intonsa, F. occidentalis, Thrips coloratus, T. hawaiiensis, and T. tabaci, to three isolates of an entomopathogenic fungus, Beauveria bassiana (isolates AZA38, GOM03, and KOG02), were investigated under laboratory conditions. Among the three fungal isolates, the five thrips species were the most susceptible to isolate KOG02 when inoculated with conidial suspensions at a concentration of 1ϫ10 7 conidia/ml. Females of F. intonsa were more susceptible to the fungi than males, while males of F. occidentalis and T. coloratus were more susceptible than females. Both males and females of T. hawaiiensis were highly susceptible to isolate KOG02. T. tabaci was highly susceptible to isolate KOG02, even by inoculation of the conidial suspension at a concentration of 1ϫ10 6 conidia/ml. Although isolates AZA38 and GOM03 exhibited weaker pathogenicity to the five thrips species than did isolate KOG02, the gross mortality increased significantly with the inoculation of these two isolates as compared with the control.

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“…Some fungi species have the ability to kill insects by their colonization. Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae, Lecanicillium (Verticillium) lecanii/muscarium, Entomophthora parvispora, Entomophthora thripidum, Paecilomyces lilacinus, and Neozygites parvispora have been tested against onion thrips (Abe & Ikegami 2005;Annamalai et al 2013;Carl 1975;Ezzati-Tabrizi et al 2009;MacLeod et al 1976;Maniania et al 2003;Samson et al 1979;Wu et al 2016). According to Thungrabeab et al (2006) about 36 isolated entomopathogenic fungi species successfully lowered the onion thrips population; however the pathogenic efficiency varied among the species.…”

Section: Entomopathogenic Fungimentioning

confidence: 99%

The Major Biological Approaches in the Integrated Pest Management of Onion Thrips, Thrips Tabaci (Thysanoptera: Thripidae)

Woldemelak

2020

Journal of Horticultural Research

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Thrips tabaci Lindeman is a cosmopolitan and polyphagous insect pest. It is known worldwide and recorded on more than 300 plant species. T. tabaci is a key pest of onion and several other crops, and its control is vital to the production and profitability of crops. If onion thrips population is not controlled, damage can reduce yield volume and quality. In addition to direct damage to the host plants, T. tabaci has been characterized as an asymptomatic vector of three devastating tospovirus species, such as Tomato spotted wilt virus, Iris yellow spot virus, and Tomato yellow ring virus. For this reason, several synthetic insecticides were used for control. However, these insecticides bring unwanted effects, like pesticide resistance, elimination of nontarget species, environmental pollution, and threats to human health. To solve the negative consequences of insecticides, biopesticides, such as plant secondary metabolites, entomopathogenic viruses, bacteria, fungi, and nematodes, have been recognized as effective alternatives. The use of plant-based insecticides and entomopathogenic control methods gained more attention in integrated pest management. Their strong side is lack of residues, saving beneficial insects and minimizing air and water pollution. Plant-derived compounds and entomopathogenic biological control agents offered a variety of biological modes of actions against onion thrips, such as repellency, feeding deterrence, anti-oviposition, fecundity deterrence, metamorphosis inhibition, and parasiting the host’s body.

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AnEntomophthora sp. [Entomophthorales:Entomophthoraceae] pathogenic toThrips spp. [Thysan.: Thripidae] and its potential as a biological control agent in glasshouses

Cited by 16 publications

References 2 publications

Fungi as biological control agents of arthropods of agricultural and medical importance

Fungi as biological control agents of arthropods of agricultural and medical importance

Susceptibility of five species of thrips to different strains of the entomopathogenic fungus, Beauveria bassiana

The Major Biological Approaches in the Integrated Pest Management of Onion Thrips, Thrips Tabaci (Thysanoptera: Thripidae)

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