Andrographis peniculata: Capabilities against Free Radicals, Lipid Peroxidation, Hepatotoxicity, and Nephrotoxicity

Abstract

This work was about Andrographis peniculata (Burm. F). Ab initio, the LD50 test showed non-toxicity at the highest administered dose of 5000 mg/kg in rats. Male albino Wistar rats were treated with daily single doses of ethanol extracts (100/200/500 mg/kg) of Andrographis peniculata (A.p.) for 14 days with intermittent administration, i.p., of CCl4 every four days. Liver and kidney TBARS concentrations showed lower values with increased doses of extract administration. In both cases, "CCl4 + A.p. 500 mg/kg" values compared to "CCl4 + Silymarin" group, while "CCl4 + A.p. 100 mg/kg" showed no significant difference from "CCl4 only" group. The "NC" (normal control) however, presented the least concentration of 66.17 ± 2.74 and 38.04 ± 4.34 nmol/mg protein, respectively. Total and Indirect bilirubin concentrations indicated decreased values with increasing doses, such that respectively, the lowest values of 1.18 ± 0.47 and 0.98 ± 0.31 mg/dl in the "CCl4 + A.p. 500 mg/kg" group were observed. There was no significant difference among all the various groups except the "NC" which showed the least value. Urea and creatinine levels were significantly higher (p ≤ 0.05) in the "CCl4 only" group than all others. Liver function parameters, viz., AST and ALT indicated significantly higher values in the "CCl4 only" group, compared to all others (p ≤ 0.05). Values obtained for "CCl4 + A.p. (500 mg/kg)" were comparable to the "NC" and "CCl4 + Silymarin" groups.

Protective effect of Silymarin against kidney injury induced by carbon tetrachloride in male rats

“…The mechanism of silymarin action is still poorly understood (16). Data from literatures indicated that silymarin act as antioxidant, free radical scavengers, regulator of intracellular glutathione GSH and stabilizing cell membrane (17)(18)(19). This study aimed to detect the biological vitality of silymarin in protecting kidney tissue against oxidative stress induced by CCl 4 toxicity.…”

Ανάλυση γενετικών και βιολογικών δεικτών σε ασθενείς με νόσο Alzheimer

“…Θεωρούνται τοξικά, καθώς αντιδρούν άμεσα με παρακείμενα μόρια, αποσπούν ένα ηλεκτρόνιο και μετατρέπονται σε ελεύθερες ρίζες. Με αυτόν τον τρόπο, ενεργοποιείται μια αλυσιδωτή αντίδραση, που συνεχίζει αδιάκοπα σαν καταρράκτης, οδηγώντας σε κυτταρική βλάβη και θάνατο (192,193). (186,194,195).…”