Androgenetic Alopecia: Analysis of Proliferation and Apoptosis

Prieto, Víctor G.; Sadick, Neil S.; Shea, Christopher R.

doi:10.1001/archderm.138.8.1101

Cited by 16 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…1044 Progressive fibroplasia of the perifollicular sheath appears to be a common process; this may result in the miniaturization of the follicle, rather than being a consequence of it. 978, 1043 In one study, telogen hairs constituted 16% of the total, compared to 6.5% in normal subjects. 1047 There is also an increase in the number of telogen and catagen hairs relative to the number of anagen hairs.…”

Section: Treatment Of Androgenetic Alopeciamentioning

confidence: 98%

“…685,963,1040 The random intermingling of miniaturized and terminal follicles has been called anisotrichosis, analogous to anisocytosis of the peripheral blood film which is characterized by red cells of variable size. 1043 Only in very advanced stages do the vellus follicles disappear, leaving thin hyaline strands in the dermis. 1042 There is a decreased proliferation of keratinocytes as evidenced by the significant decrease in Ki-67 expression.…”

Section: Treatment Of Androgenetic Alopeciamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diseases of cutaneous appendages

Weedon

2010

Weedon's Skin Pathology

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Section: Treatment Of Androgenetic Alopeciamentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Treatment Of Androgenetic Alopeciamentioning

confidence: 99%

Diseases of cutaneous appendages

Weedon

2010

Weedon's Skin Pathology

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“…The mechanism by which this decrease occurs is unexplained, and may be the result of either apoptotic cell death, decreased proliferation of keratinocytes [41], cell displacement with loss of cellular adhesion leading to dermal papilla fibroblasts dropping off into the dermis, or migration of dermal papilla cells into the dermal sheath associated with the outer root sheath of the hair follicle [39].…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Male androgenetic alopecia

Sinclair

2004

The Journal of Men's Health & Gender

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Male pattern hair loss is the most common cause of balding. The pathogenesis involves androgen, and in particular dihydrotestosterone, binding to androgen receptors in the dermal papilla of sensitive hair follicles. Hair follicle sensitivity is genetically determined and shows regional specificity. Androgen stimulation of scalp dermal papilla cells induces transforming growth factor beta (TGF-B) and results in cyclical miniaturization of the entire hair follicle. The resulting hair produced from that follicle is shorter and finer and provides less complete scalp coverage. In contrast androgen stimulation of beard dermal papilla cells produces insulin growth factor -2 (IGF-2) and results in cyclical enlargement of the entire hair follicle. The resulting hair produced from that follicle is longer and thicker and provides more complete facial skin coverage. Some degree of androgenetic alopecia is universal among ageing men, especially bitemporally, however less than half become bald in the Hippocratic sense. Although scalp hair coverage has little functional importance, it has cosmetic significance. Baldness changes the facial appearance of affected men. When that change is perceived as adverse it has the potential to produce emotional morbidity.

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“…As a consequence, apoptosis ought to be observed within the dermal papilla. However, this is not the case [6, 7], and in striking contrast the dermal papilla is rather a tissue which is protected from apoptosis by high bcl-2 expression [8]. Therefore, other mechanisms must take place, and cell displacement or migration might be an additional explanation.…”

Section: The Use Of In Vitro or Ex Vivo Techniques Inhair Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Steroidogenic Isoenzymes in Human Hair and Their Potential Role in Androgenetic Alopecia

Hoffmann

2003

Dermatology

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Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is the most common type of hair loss. The relatively strong concordance of the degree of baldness in fathers and sons is not consistent with a simple Mendelian trait, and a polygenic basis is considered to be most likely. So far, the predisposing genes for AGA are unknown and we do not understand the molecular steps involved in androgen-dependent beard growth versus androgen-dependent hair loss, but AGA can be defined as a dihydrotestosterone (DHT)-dependent process with continuous miniaturization of sensitive hair follicles. The type 2 5α-reductase plays a central role by the intrafollicular conversion of testosterone to DHT. However, due to the increasing knowledge in this field, we now know that there are many more steroidogenic enzymes involved in the onset and development of AGA, and this article shall provide a critical overview of recent discoveries.

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Androgenetic Alopecia: Analysis of Proliferation and Apoptosis

Cited by 16 publications

References 3 publications

Diseases of cutaneous appendages

Diseases of cutaneous appendages

Male androgenetic alopecia

Steroidogenic Isoenzymes in Human Hair and Their Potential Role in Androgenetic Alopecia

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