Androgenesis induction in microspore culture of sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)

Abstract

Isolated microspore culture experiments were carried out in sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) F 1 hybrid genotypes. In the first experiment, four culture media (W14, B5, MS and NLN) were compared to test their effectiveness in inducing the formation of microsporederived structures in two genotypes. The experiments revealed the superiority of B5 medium. In the second experiment, the effects of different ratios of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) (0, 0.1, 0.2 and 0.5 mg l -1 ) and kinetin (0, 0.2 and 0.5 mg l -1 ) were also investigated in B5 medium with two genotypes. The effect of growth regulators were investigated on the production of microsporederived calli and embryo-like structures (ELSs), the ratio of the two and plant regeneration (number of regenerated plantlets) in microspore culture. The histological experiments revealed the differences between the microsporederived ELSs and calli. The most promising results were obtained on the investigated parameters in the presence of 0.1 mg l -1 2,4-D and 0.2 mg l -1 kinetin producing the highest number of plantlets in both genotypes tested. In the response of 11 genotypes, the androgenesis induction was successful in each sweet pepper genotypes tested using the best basic medium and growth regulators combination. In case of 11 genotypes, the number of ELSs ranged from 20 to 100/Petri dish (an average of 48.1 ELS/Petri dish), while the number of green plantlets varied from 0 to 8 plantlets/Petri dish (an average of 1.5 plantlets/Petri dish) depending on the genotype. The spontaneous rediploidization rate obtained was 25% in isolated microspore.

Study of in vitro anther culture in selected genotypes of genus Capsicum

“…The highest effectiveness of androgenesis observed in the experiment of Koleva-Gudeva and Trajkova (2009) reached approximately 17%; however, they were able to regenerate only 32 plants for 21 analyzed pepper cultivars. According to the literature data, isolated microspore cultures often result in considerably higher effectiveness of embryo induction (Supena et al, 2006;Lantos et al, 2012), but again, it is not always followed by a high number of regenerated plantlets, the most important parameter for breeding practice.…”

High Frequency of Doubled Haploid Plant Production in Spelt Wheat

“…After acclimatization, the transplanted plantlets were grown following the standard cereal growing greenhouse protocol. The ploidy levels of the acclimatized plants were determined using the measurement of stomata length and flow cytometry detailed in earlier publications (Pauk et al, 2003;Lantos et al, 2012). Furthermore, the seed set production of AC-derived plants was recorded after the harvest.…”

In vitro Androgenesis in Capsicum (Capsicum annuum L.)

“…The genotype is the most important and often limiting factor in the pepper androgenic response (Wang and Zhang, 2001;Rodeva et al, 2004;Liu et al, 2007;Lantos et al, 2012). The results of the present in vitro anther culture study on capsicum hybrids Bharat and Indra amply demonstrated genotypic differences in response of anther culture.…”

“…Beneficial effect of auxin and cytokinins added to the culture media on haploid callus and embryo induction was reported by ; Supena and Custers (2011);Lantos et al, (2012) ;Luitel and Kang (2013) and Olszewska et al, (2014). In both the hybrids, the percentage of callusing anthers was significantly higher on medium supplemented with zeatin 0.5 at mg/l along with 2, 4-D at 0.2 mg/l and AgNO 3 at 15.0 mg/l (Plate 2b&c).…”