Androgenesis Conditioned by a Mutation in Maize

Kermicle, Jerry L.

doi:10.1126/science.166.3911.1422

Cited by 199 publications

(113 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Additionally, ig1 restricts the embryogenic potential of cells that lack one of the two parental genomes, so that mutant embryo sacs produce haploid progeny, of both maternal and paternal origin, at a higher rate than wild-type embryos (Kermicle, 1969). Paternal haploid production has been used in maize breeding to transfer germplasm from one variety of maize to the cytoplasm of another variety (e.g., a male sterility conditioning cytoplasm) (Kindiger and Hamann, 1993).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Theindeterminate gametophyte1Gene of Maize Encodes a LOB Domain Protein Required for Embryo Sac and Leaf Development

2007

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Angiosperm embryo sac development begins with a phase of free nuclear division followed by cellularization and differentiation of cell types. The indeterminate gametophyte1 (ig1) gene of maize (Zea mays) restricts the proliferative phase of female gametophyte development. ig1 mutant female gametophytes have a prolonged phase of free nuclear divisions leading to a variety of embryo sac abnormalities, including extra egg cells, extra polar nuclei, and extra synergids. Positional cloning of ig1 was performed based on the genome sequence of the orthologous region in rice. ig1 encodes a LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES domain protein with high similarity to ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2 of Arabidopsis thaliana. A second mutant allele of ig1 was identified in a noncomplementation screen using active Mutator transposable element lines. Homozygous ig1 mutants have abnormal leaf morphology as well as abnormal embryo sac development. Affected leaves have disrupted abaxial-adaxial polarity and fail to repress the expression of meristem-specific knotted-like homeobox (knox) genes in leaf primordia, causing a proliferative, stem cell identity to persist in these cells. Despite the superficial similarity of ig1-O leaves and embryo sacs, ectopic knox gene expression cannot be detected in ig1-O embryo sacs.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Theindeterminate gametophyte1Gene of Maize Encodes a LOB Domain Protein Required for Embryo Sac and Leaf Development

2007

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“…Coe (1959) discovered a haploid inducer, Stock 6, and 1-2% of the progeny was maternal haploids when it was used as pollinator. Kermicle (1969) obtained 0-2% paternal haploids when the W23 indeterminate gametophyte (ig) line was used as female parent. However, the rate of haploids obtained with Stock 6 and W23 ig was still low and depended on the genotypes .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chromosome elimination and in vivo haploid production induced by Stock 6-derived inducer line in maize (Zea mays L.)

et al. 2008

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In vivo haploid production induced by inducer lines derived from Stock 6 is widely used in breeding program of maize (Zea mays L.), but the mechanisms behind have not yet been fully understood. In this study, average frequency of haploid induction in four inbred lines by Stock 6-derived inducer line HZI1 was above 10%. About 0.2% kernels from the cross Hua24 9 HZI1 had mosaic endosperm showing yellow shrunken parts from Hua24 to normal parts with purple aleurone from HZI1. Individual lagged chromosomes and micronuclei were observed in mitotic cells of ovules pollinated by HZI1. Above 56.4% of the radicles from the kernels with purple aleurone and colorless embryos were mixoploid (2n = 9-21), and more than 45.22% cells were haploid cells (2n = 10) in three crosses. More than 62.5% of the radicles from the kernels with purple aleurone and purple embryos were mixoploid (2n = 9-21) having 54.27% cells with 2n = 20. SSR analysis showed that all haploids from the cross Hua24 9 HZI1 shared the same genomic compositions as Hua24 except for plants Nos. 862 and 857 with some polymorphic DNA bands. The results revealed that chromosome elimination after fertilization caused the haploid production in maize.

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“…Arabidopsis thaliana and many crop species have proven to be recalcitrant to in vitro haploid production 5,6 . In some species, wide crosses [7][8][9][10][11][12] or intraspecific crosses to lines with specific genetic determinants 13,14 result in in vivo haploid embryo because the chromosomes of the haploid inducer (HI) are lost during postzygotic mitotic divisions while the chromosomes of the non-inducer parent are retained 15 . In a majority of such species, the efficacy of in vivo haploid induction has been hindered by the need for tedious embryo rescue protocols that require in vitro cell culture.…”

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confidence: 99%

A haploid genetics toolbox for Arabidopsis thaliana

et al. 2014

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Genetic analysis in haploids provides unconventional yet powerful advantages not available in diploid organisms. In Arabidopsis thaliana, haploids can be generated through seeds by crossing a wild-type strain to a transgenic strain with altered centromeres. Here we report the development of an improved haploid inducer (HI) strain, SeedGFP-HI, that aids selection of haploid seeds prior to germination. We also show that haploids can be used as a tool to accelerate a variety of genetic analyses, specifically pyramiding multiple mutant combinations, forward mutagenesis screens, scaling down a tetraploid to lower ploidy levels and swapping of nuclear and cytoplasmic genomes. Furthermore, the A. thaliana HI can be used to produce haploids from a related species A. suecica and generate homozygous mutant plants from strong maternal gametophyte lethal alleles, which is not possible via conventional diploid genetics. Taken together, our results demonstrate the utility and power of haploid genetics in A. thaliana.

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Androgenesis Conditioned by a Mutation in Maize

Cited by 199 publications

References 9 publications

Theindeterminate gametophyte1Gene of Maize Encodes a LOB Domain Protein Required for Embryo Sac and Leaf Development

Theindeterminate gametophyte1Gene of Maize Encodes a LOB Domain Protein Required for Embryo Sac and Leaf Development

Chromosome elimination and in vivo haploid production induced by Stock 6-derived inducer line in maize (Zea mays L.)

A haploid genetics toolbox for Arabidopsis thaliana

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