Ancillary Processes in Wool Dyeing

Lewis, David M.

doi:10.1002/9781118625118.ch4

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 62 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…These treatments bring about some environmental concerns such as increased chemical oxygen demand (COD) of the drained water as well as discharge of absorbable organo-halogens into the effluent (Abou Taleb et al 2020a ; El‐Sayed and El‐Khatib 2005 ; Mowafi et al 2018 ). On the other hand, wet processing of wool consumes a lot of energy, water, and time (Huson 2018 ; Lewis 2013 ). So many studies, including bio-treatment, have been performed to reduce energy, water, and chemical consumption in textile wet processes (Allam et al 2020 ; El-Sayed and El-Hawary 2021 ; Elshemy et al 2017 ; Mowafi et al 2020 , 2022 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Green method for improving performance attributes of wool fibres using immobilized proteolytic thermozyme

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Wool has the tendency to turn into felt during agitation in washing machines. Thus, a benign non-polluting method for the production of machine-washable wool was developed herein. Initially, a proteolytic bacteria was isolated from hot region soil. The bacterial isolate was identified as Bacillus safensis FO-36bMZ836779 according to the 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Afterwards, the extracellular protease produced by this isolate was covalently immobilized in order to enhance its stability under non-ambient conditions which are usually adopted in industrial sectors like textile industries. Sericin, which is usually discharged into degumming effluent of natural silk, was utilized to prepare the immobilization carrier. Box–Behnken design was adopted in order to hone the preparation of the sericin–polyethylene–imine–glutaraldehyde activated agar carrier. The pH and temperature profiles of the free and immobilized proteases were compared. Later, wool fibres were bio-treated with both the free and the immobilized enzymes. The effect of process conditions on the resistance of the bio-finished wool to felting was investigated. The alteration in the fibre morphology was monitored using SEM. Amino acid analysis and alkali solubility tests were adopted to assign any change in the chemical structure of the bio-treated wool. The influence of bio-treatment of wool on its inherent properties was assigned. Results revealed that bio-treatment of wool with the said enzyme led to production of machine-washable wool without severe deterioration in the fibres’ properties. In an energy- and water-consuming process, the hot solution from bio-treatment bath was used successfully in dyeing of wool.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Green method for improving performance attributes of wool fibres using immobilized proteolytic thermozyme

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…These performance features can be readily engineered into cotton and polyester fabrics by either applying crosslinking crease‐resistant finishes to the cotton or by heat setting the fabric at different stages along the garment production route 1‐4 . By contrast, for wool‐based materials/garments, there is much less process flexibility and no comparable technology is currently available 5,6 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most commonly, wool can be treated as top in the chlorine/Hercosett process to modify the fibre surface and eliminate the directional frictional effect and associated felting 6,7 . Alternatively, wool can be treated with soft prepolymers as a wet pad application to the open width fabric and is then subsequently heat‐cured to introduce inter‐fibre bonding that “locks‐in” the fabric dimensions 6 . While these are effective as individual processes, there is no wider opportunity for processing at different stages in manufacturing or inter‐process integration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel delayed‐cure, durable press, shrink‐resist treatment of wool fabrics and garments

Kistamah

Carr

2020

Coloration Technology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…These conditions are encountered when laundering wool in domestic washing machines. Much research has been undertaken in the area of shrink-resist technology to prevent woollen products from felting and make them fully machine washable (Lewis, 1992; Simpson, 2002). It has been found that not only the degree of scaliness of the fibre is important but also the length of the fibre (fabric made from longer fibre shrinks more), the degree of fibre crimp (more crimp more shrinkage in fabric) and the fibre fineness (finer fibres produce more shrinkage).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical properties of nonwoven and woven felted fabrics

Kistamah

Hes

Rajmun

2017

RJTA

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose The use of nonwoven fabrics in garment has been, up to now, purely functional and hidden from view. In fact, their uses have been limited to garment interlining in the apparel industry. Felted structures from wool have been limited to the craft market for the production of art and craft objects of decoration. This paper aims to compare the mechanical and thermo-physical comfort properties of a woven wool, a felted wool fabric, a felted wool/polyester and two non-woven synthetic fabrics for apparel use. Design/methodology/approach Fabric samples were sourced locally. Five fabric samples were selected: one woolen woven, one felted woven, one polyester/wool non-woven and two non-woven synthetic fabrics. The wool fabric was felted by mechanical action using the Wascator FOM 71P machine. All fabric samples were conditioned before they were tested for their mechanical and thermal comfort properties as per standard test methods. Findings The comparative study of the mechanical and thermal properties of the five fabric samples have been successfully investigated as textile materials for commercial garments. In terms of fabric stiffness, drape and handle, the two non-woven synthetic fabrics were, in general, poorer than the woven wool and the felted woven wool fabrics. The synthetic non-woven fabrics also performed poorly in terms of serviceability. But it was found that the nonwoven synthetic fabrics were best suited when thermal insulation is required and were found to be better than the woven felted wool fabric of comparative weight per unit area. Originality/value The value of this study is that it demonstrates the scope of felted woolen structures and other synthetic nonwovens fabrics as usable materials, in part or in full, in the development of apparel for winter wear especially in cold environments and where aesthetic appeal is secondary.

show abstract

Ancillary Processes in Wool Dyeing

Cited by 7 publications

References 62 publications

Green method for improving performance attributes of wool fibres using immobilized proteolytic thermozyme

Green method for improving performance attributes of wool fibres using immobilized proteolytic thermozyme

Novel delayed‐cure, durable press, shrink‐resist treatment of wool fabrics and garments

Physical properties of nonwoven and woven felted fabrics

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About