ANATOMY OF THE OVIPOSITOR AND OVIPOSITION BEHAVIOR OF THE GALL WASP<i>DIPLOLEPIS ROSAE</i>(HYMENOPTERA: CYNIPIDAE)

Bronner, Roberte

doi:10.4039/ent117849-7

Cited by 25 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 9 publications

(11 reference statements)

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“…Vegetative buds are produced early in the spring just as the warm temperatures return, providing clues for the adults to synchronize their appearance with tissues needed for oviposition. The ovipositors of Diplolepis are just the right length to reach the inside of vegetative buds and these ovipositors have the necessary receptors at their tips to detect individual cells on the surface of immature leaflets or procambium cells in immature vascular bundles (Bronner 1985;Sliva and Shorthouse 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Galls induced by cynipid wasps of the genus Diplolepis (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) on the roses of Canada's grasslands

Shorthouse¹

2010

Arthropods of Canadian Grasslands (Volume 1): Ecology and Interactions in Grassland Habitats

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Abstract. Thirteen species of cynipid wasps of the genus Diplolepis induce structurally distinct galls on the three species of wild roses found on the grasslands of western Canada. Three species of Diplolepis gall the short rose, Rosa arkansana, in the Mixed Grassland and Moist Mixed Grassland ecoregions of southern Alberta and Saskatchewan, and eight species gall the common prairie rose, R. woodsii, throughout the prairie grasslands. Five species of Diplolepis gall the larger rose, R. acicularis, in more shaded regions such as the Aspen Parkland Ecoregion. This chapter outlines the life history strategy of Diplolepis and the manner by which these insects are well adapted to grassland conditions. Also described are the galls of each species, along with the component communities associated with them.Résumé. Treize espèces de cynipidés du genre Diplolepis engendrent la formation de galles structurellement distinctes sur trois espèces de rosiers indigènes des prairies de l'ouest du Canada. Trois de ces espèces de guêpes produisent des galles sur le rosier des prairies (Rosa arkansana) dans les écorégions des prairies mixes et des prairies mixtes humides du sud de l'Alberta et de la Saskatchewan, et huit autres s'attaquent au rosier de Woods (R. woodsii) dans l'ensemble de la région des prairies. Cinq espèces de Diplolepis engendrent des galles sur le rosier aciculaire (R. acicularis) dans les régions plus ombragées comme l'écorégion de la forêt-parc à trembles. Ce chapitre décrit les stratégies de survie des Diplolepis et la façon donc ces insectes se sont adaptés aux conditions caractéristiques des prairies. Il décrit également les galles produites par chacune de ces espèces, ainsi que les communautés qui leur sont associées.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…9). Eggs are attached to one or two plant cells by a tiny nipple at the tip of the egg (Bronner 1985;Shorthouse 1993Shorthouse , 1998LeBlanc and Lacroix 2001). Proliferation of gall cells begins before the eggs hatch.…”

Section: Life Cyclementioning

confidence: 99%

Galls induced by cynipid wasps of the genus Diplolepis (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) on the roses of Canada's grasslands

Shorthouse¹

2010

Arthropods of Canadian Grasslands (Volume 1): Ecology and Interactions in Grassland Habitats

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“…Different organs of the plants are used for gall induction, such as roots, leaves, buds, and several parts of the flower. The oviposition of several Diplolepis species has been studied in detail (Magnus, 1914;Meyer, 1957;Bronner, 1985) (Figure 8-4a). Cynipid galls often appear as new organs with a complex external structure, but the most prominent structural characteristic of these galls is the presence of concentric layers of differentiated cells around the larval chamber.…”

Section: Call Wasps (Cynipidae)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A lytic cavity begins to form (Figure 8-4f). Bronner (1985) demonstrated that the lytic enzymes of the eggs Beneath the attachment side of the egg a pad oftissue has formed, a number of cells beneath the insertion side (arrows) becomevacuolated, cell content progressively disappears, the lytic process has started. Bronner (1985) demonstrated that the lytic enzymes of the eggs Beneath the attachment side of the egg a pad oftissue has formed, a number of cells beneath the insertion side (arrows) becomevacuolated, cell content progressively disappears, the lytic process has started.…”

Section: Call Wasps (Cynipidae)mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Plant's Response towards Insect Egg Deposition

Hilker¹,

Rohfritsch²,

Meiners³

2003

Chemoecology of Insect Eggs and Egg Deposition

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Plant responses towards insect egg depositions range from changes in plant tissue to alterations of the plant's volatile bouquet. Such responses may result either in defence against herbivores or even in their protection. Defensive tissue changes in plants caused by egg depositions are known as formation of neoplasms and as hypersensitive response. Tissue changes that positively affect herbivores are induced by egg depositions of several gall forming insects. These manipulate plants to produce nutritive and protective tissues for the progeny.Indirect plant defence responses towards egg deposition do not affect the eggs or hatching larvae directly, but employ the third trophic level. Changes in the plants' volatile emission induced by insect egg deposition are known to attract egg

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“…In multilocular galls, gall size is correlated positively with the number of gall wasp larvae (Jones, 1983; Zwölfer & Arnold‐Rinehart, 1994), so an ovipositing female can influence the probability of larval survival directly. At one extreme, a female could maximise the survival of its offspring by laying all of its eggs in one place, as seen in the rose gall wasp Diplolepis rosae (Bronner, 1985), however such a strategy leaves a female open to loss of its entire reproductive success should the single gall be destroyed by a stochastic event (Stille, 1984). Oviposition over a greater number of sites spreads this risk across several galls but renders occupants of each gall more vulnerable to attack because of the smaller gall size.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Skewed sex ratios and multiple founding in galls of the oak apple gall waspBiorhiza pallida

Atkinson

Brown

Stone

2003

Ecological Entomology

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Abstract. 1. The gall wasp Biorhiza pallida (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) reproduces by cyclical parthenogenesis. The adults of the sexual generation develop within galls (oak apples) that contain many larval cells.2. Folliot [(1964) Annales Des Sciences Naturelles: Zoologie, 12, 407±564] found asexual generation females to be of three reproductive types. Androphores produce only sons, gynophores produce only daughters, and gynandrophores produce both sons and daughters. In nature, most oak apples give rise to either only males or only females but a proportion produces both sexes. These mixed-sex galls could result either from eggs laid by one or more gynandrophores or from eggs laid by androphores and gynophores developing within a single gall (multiple founding).3. Here the frequency of mixed-and single-sex galls was quantified, and morphological and genetic analyses were carried out on the adults emerging from 10 galls to determine the frequency of multiple founding in B. pallida.4. Seventy-five per cent of 627 galls yielded only one sex. The majority of the remaining 25% had a highly skewed sex ratio. Low genetic variation in B. pallida limited the application of allozyme-based genetic techniques, however seven of the 10 galls analysed in detail, including mixed-sex galls, appeared to have been multiply founded. Contributions by the different foundresses in multiply founded galls were highly skewed.5. The significance of multiple founding is discussed in the light of possible adaptive scenarios (reduction of parasitoid-induced mortality, avoidance of local stochastic extinction and inbreeding) and possible competition for oviposition sites.

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ANATOMY OF THE OVIPOSITOR AND OVIPOSITION BEHAVIOR OF THE GALL WASPDIPLOLEPIS ROSAE(HYMENOPTERA: CYNIPIDAE)

Cited by 25 publications

References 9 publications

Galls induced by cynipid wasps of the genus Diplolepis (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) on the roses of Canada's grasslands

Galls induced by cynipid wasps of the genus Diplolepis (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) on the roses of Canada's grasslands

The Plant's Response towards Insect Egg Deposition

Skewed sex ratios and multiple founding in galls of the oak apple gall waspBiorhiza pallida

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