Anatomy of sodium hypochlorite accidents involving facial ecchymosis—A review

Zhu, Wan Chun; Gyamfi, Jacqueline; Niu, Li Na; Schoeffel, G. John; Liu, Si Ying; Santarcangelo, Filippo; Khan, Sara; Tay, Kelvin C.Y.; Pashley, David H.; Tay, Franklin R.

doi:10.1016/j.jdent.2013.08.012

Cited by 109 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…This irrigant solution may cause damage in contact with vital tissues (75,(80)(81)(82)(83). The accidents involving sodium hypochlorite may have some complications: severe pain; ballooning or immediate edema in soft tissue; extension of edema to a large area of the face, like the cheeks; periorbital ecchymosis on skin or mucosa as a result of profuse interstitial bleeding; profuse intraoral bleeding directly from root canal; palate mucosa necrosis; tissue necrosis; neurological complications; paresthesia; allergy; dermatological problems and life-threatening airway obstruction (80)(81)(82)(83).…”

Section: Isolation Of Tooth With Rubber Dammentioning

confidence: 99%

Common Operative Procedural Errors and Clinical Factors Associated with Root Canal Treatment

et al. 2017

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Operative procedural errors must be well analyzed in order to avoid influence negatively the root canal treatment (RCT) prognosis. The successful RCT prevents tooth loss and avoids pain and apical periodontitis. This review aimed to categorize common operative procedure errors and clinical factors associated with RCT. Based on this, will be approached common errors of procedures within the clinical operative sequence: endodontic treatment planning, pulp and periapical disease diagnosis, anaesthesia, access cavity preparation, isolation with rubber dam, root canal preparation, root canal filling and retreatment, restoration of endodontically treated teeth, postoperative pain, follow up of endodontically treated teeth. The professional must remind that in each phase of RCT an operative error may have adverse implication on prognosis, and these errors characterize risk factors to failure. The knowledge of probable operative procedural errors and its consequences are essentials to avoid future problems to the tooth health.

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Section: Isolation Of Tooth With Rubber Dammentioning

confidence: 99%

Common Operative Procedural Errors and Clinical Factors Associated with Root Canal Treatment

et al. 2017

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“…The mechanism of action includes biosynthetic changes; destruction of phospholipids; chloramines formation which interfere in cell metabolism; oxidative action with enzymatic inactivation in bacteria and degradation of fatty acids and lipids 9 . However, extrusion of this irrigating solution can cause intense reactions in the periapical tissues [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibacterial action of red and green propolis extract in infected root canal

Endo

Estrela

Alencar

et al. 2017

Rev. Odonto Ciênc. (Online)

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OBJECTIVE: This study investigated the antibacterial action of 30% red propolis, 40% green propolis and 2.5% sodium hypochlorite with irrigation protocols in infected root canals. METHODS: During 60 days, twenty-four root canals were inoculated with E. faecalis. In all experimental groups were performed root canal preparation and two irrigation protocols -passive ultrasonic irrigation and conventional irrigation. In the groups 1, 3, 5 and 7 it were made root canal preparation associated to conventional irrigation with 30% propolis, 40% propolis, 2.5% sodium hypochlorite and distilled water, respectively. In groups 2, 4, 6 and 8 it was made root canal preparation associated with passive ultrasonic irrigation with the solutions described above. The groups 9 and 10 were the controls (negative and positive). Samples of the root canals were collected and immersed in 7 mL of BHI, for 48 hours, at 37ºC. Bacterial growth was analyzed by turbidity of the culture medium. RESULTS: Antibacterial action was observed of 30% red propolis and 2.5% sodium hypochlorite when used passive ultrasonic irrigation and conventional irrigation after 20 minutes, but in 72 hours it was not effective. CONCLUSION: The irrigating agents and protocols were not effective to eliminate the microorganisms of the infected root canals. Clinical Significance: Propolis presents potential for clinical application due to its antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and low toxicity properties. Key words: Endodontic; Propolis; Sodium hypochlorite Ação antimicrobiana do extrato de própolis vermelho e verde em canais radiculares infectados RESUMO OBJETIVO: Investigar a ação antibacteriana do própolis vermelhos 30%, do própolis verde 40% e do hipoclorito de sódio 2,5% com protocolos de irrigação em canais radiculares infectados. MÉTODOS: Durante 60 dias, vinte e quatro canais radiculares foram inoculados com E. faecalis. Em todos os grupos experimentais foi realizado o preparo do canal radicular e dois protocolos de irrigação -irrigação ultra-sônica passiva e irrigação convencional. Nos grupos 1, 3, 5 e 7 foi feito o preparo do canal radicular associado à irrigação convencional com própolis 30%, própolis 40%, hipoclorito de sódio 2,5% e água destilada, respectivamente. Nos grupos 2, 4, 6 e 8 foi feito o preparo do canal radicular associado à irrigação ultra-sônica passiva com as soluções descritas acima. Os grupos 9 e 10 foram os controles (negativos e positivos). Amostras dos canais radiculares foram coletadas e imersas em 7 mL de BHI, durante 48 horas, a 37ºC. O crescimento bacteriano foi analisado por turvação do meio de cultura. RESULTADOS: Ação antibacteriana foi observada com própolis vermelho 30% e hipoclorito de sódio 2,5% quando utilizado irrigação ultra-sônica passiva e irrigação convencional após 20 minutos, porém, após 72 horas as substâncias não foram efetivas. CONCLUSÃO: Os agentes de irrigação e os protocolos não foram efetivos para eliminar os microorganismos dos canais radiculares infectados.

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“…Prolonged inadvertent contact with host cells can lead to damage of the host cells resulting in pain and a chemically induced inflammatory reaction (Zhu et al 2013). Therefore, obtaining a balance between safety and effectiveness is important.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Root canal disinfection comparing conventional irrigation vs photon-induced photoacoustic streaming (PIPS) using a buffered 0.5 % sodium hypochlorite solution

et al. 2016

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Background: The purpose of this study was to assess the antimicrobial effect of a buffered 0.5 % sodium hypochlorite solution activated by photon-induced photoacoustic streaming compared to conventional irrigation. Methods: The canals on 48 single canal lower bicuspids were cleaned and shaped using rotary instrumentation. All roots were autoclaved for 20 min. Thirty-six of the roots were placed in glass flasks with blood heart infusion media and Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 4082) for 4 weeks. The remaining 12 roots were placed in a sterile environment and served as negative controls. The contaminated roots were irrigated by conventional means using a buffered 0.5 % sodium hypochlorite solution with or without photon-induced photoacoustic streaming (PIPS) activation (n = 12 each group). The remaining 12 roots did not receive any treatment and served as positive controls. The apical 3 mm of each tooth was sectioned and pulverized. The pulverized samples were collected and placed in Eppendorf micro-centrifuge tubes with sterile phosphate-buffered saline. Thirty MicroLiters of the collected samples was then placed in the blood heart infusion media and incubated for 24 h at 37°C. Colony forming units (CFU) were compared with Wilcoxon signed ranked test. Mann-Whitney U test was used to assess PIPS effectiveness in comparison with conventional irrigation. Results: Both regimens reduced significantly the number of CFU; however, reduction was significantly higher for the PIPS group (p = 0.002). Conclusion: Buffered 0.5 % sodium hypochlorite delivered by conventional method was effective in removing E. faecalis from contaminated root canals; however, activation of a buffered 0.5 % sodium hypochlorite solution by PIPS significantly increased its antimicrobial capacity.

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Anatomy of sodium hypochlorite accidents involving facial ecchymosis—A review

Cited by 109 publications

References 82 publications

Common Operative Procedural Errors and Clinical Factors Associated with Root Canal Treatment

Common Operative Procedural Errors and Clinical Factors Associated with Root Canal Treatment

Antibacterial action of red and green propolis extract in infected root canal

Root canal disinfection comparing conventional irrigation vs photon-induced photoacoustic streaming (PIPS) using a buffered 0.5 % sodium hypochlorite solution

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