Anatomy of disaster recoveries: Tangible and intangible short-term recovery dynamics following the 2015 Nepal earthquakes

Spoon, Jeremy; Hunter, Chelsea E.; Gerkey, Drew; Chhetri, Ram B.; Rai, Alisa; Basnet, Umesh; Dewan, Anudeep

doi:10.1016/j.ijdrr.2020.101879

Cited by 20 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…Those who had low income, were Māori, or who lived with a physical health condition or disability were more likely to experience lower quality of life and wellbeing in the long term. A group of studies following the 2015 Nepal earthquakes emphasised inequalities in long-term recovery trajectories, 163,166,167 finding that marginalised groups were more likely to face long-term displacement 164 and to be excluded from Panel: Recommendations for supporting public health in multiple disaster settings Mental health • Provision of mental health support services to populations affected by cumulative trauma such as multiple disasters. 25,31,35,84,90,96,112,127 • In mental health support interventions, screen for previous disaster exposures and other past traumas to identify populations at risk.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On a more local level, one study after the Nepal earthquakes in 2015 found that the operational reliance of non-governmental organ isations on social capital to distribute support after a disaster contributed to inequities in access to resources. 152 Recovery processes 26 articles focused on elements of recovery from multiple disasters, including economic recovery, 153,154 government and political factors in the recovery stage, 53,66,[155][156][157][158][159][160] community capitals, 24 schools as central hubs for recovery, 161 disaster recovery committees, 162 inequalities in recovery, [163][164][165][166][167] and reconstruction experiences. 150,[168][169][170] This group also included articles on programmes undertaken in a recovery setting in low-income and middle-income countries, including a food security and relief programme, 171 a microcredit programme, 172 a recovery aid programme, 69 and a global water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) programme.…”

Section: Humanitarian and Non-governmental Organisation Responsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…28,48,83 Few of the 26 articles identified provided a definition of recovery, and those that did gave different definitions. 160,163,166,167,169 The majority (23; 88%) of articles discussed recovery as a generalised concept, rather than recovery from multiple disasters. We identified only three articles that directly focused on the complexities of recovery from multiple disasters.…”

Section: Humanitarian and Non-governmental Organisation Responsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…164 Ensure that any recovery interventions do not overlook crucial social, cultural, political, and environmental factors that can influence the recovery process. 159,163,167 Review community-led reconstruction initiatives. 165 Still further research, policy, and recovery services will need to address inequities when advancing efforts to prevent, prepare for, respond to, and recover from multiple disasters.…”

Section: Recoverymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Public health implications of multiple disaster exposures

Leppold

Gibbs

Block

et al. 2022

The Lancet Public Health

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Disasters are an important public health issue; however, there is scarce evidence to date on what happens when communities and populations experience more than one disaster. This scoping review identifies literature on the effects of multiple disasters published until Aug 2, 2021, 1425 articles were identified, of which 150 articles were included. We analysed direct and indirect public health implications of multiple disasters. Our analysis suggests that exposure to multiple disasters can affect mental health, physical health, and wellbeing, with some evidence that the potential risks of multiple disaster exposure exceed those of single disaster exposure. We also identified indirect public health implications of multiple disaster exposure, related to changes in health-care facilities, changes in public risk perception, and governmental responses to multiple disasters. We present findings on community recovery and methodological challenges to the study of multiple disasters, and directions for future research.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Humanitarian and Non-governmental Organisation Responsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Humanitarian and Non-governmental Organisation Responsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Recoverymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Public health implications of multiple disaster exposures

Leppold

Gibbs

Block

et al. 2022

The Lancet Public Health

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“…Beyond the voluminous scientific literature on Nepal's 2015 earthquakes, studies of earthquake hazards and risks (Bracken et al 2018), and perspectives from anthropologists and geographers on the direct aftermath (Warner et al 2015;Lord 2015;Shakya 2015;Craig 2016;Lord and Murton 2017;Bennike 2017;Plachta 2020;Spoon et al 2020Spoon et al , 2021, few studies have explored how victims use their cultural lenses to interpret causes and consequences. Tibetan and Nepali societies are not unique in this omission.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

This Is the End: Earthquake Narratives and Buddhist Prophesies of Decline

Childs¹,

Craig²,

Juenger³

et al. 2021

HIMALAYA

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“This Is the End” presents findings from research in which the authors asked survivors of Nepal’s 2015 earthquakes to describe what they know about earthquakes based on their lifelong cultural and environmental experiences, how they responded to the devastating events, and how they view these earthquakes and their aftermath in terms of cause and consequence. The research settings of Tsum, Nubri, Manang, and Mustang were in the midst of rapid socioeconomic transformations and environmental disruptions when the earthquakes struck. Interviews shortly after the event reveal that many people are familiar with scientific concepts like the movement of tectonic plates, yet they attribute the earthquake’s ultimate cause to human activities that disturb autochthonous deities. Their interpretations suggest parallels with signs of impending doom contained within written prophesies, including a decline in religious devotion, the fraying of social cohesion, and environmental disruptions. The linking of written prophesies with lived experiences points toward a Buddhist understanding of conventional and ultimate realities in which people discuss the material and geophysical causes and consequences of earthquakes while also considering moral and cosmological understandings stemming from socially and environmentally destructive behaviors. This article contributes to a growing literature on the intersections of religion and natural disasters.

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