Anatomy of a duplicated human foot from a limb with fibular dimelia

Rivera, Ramon E.; Hootnick, David R.; Gingold, Alan R.; Levinsohn, E. Mark; Kruger, Leon M.; Packard, David S.

doi:10.1002/(sici)1096-9926(199911)60:5<272::aid-tera8>3.0.co;2-e

Cited by 22 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Life expectancy in cases of LSS appears to be normal, being more than 54 years in the eldest patient described [Kantaputra, 2001]. Limb abnormalities can be managed surgically with good functional results [Rivera et al, 1999; Pilkington et al, 2000]. Our patient died immediately after birth of unknown cause.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

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Laurin–Sandrow syndrome: Review and redefinition

Mariño-Enríquez¹,

Lapunzina²,

Omeñaca³

et al. 2008

American J of Med Genetics Pt A

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We report on a newborn infant with characteristics of Laurin-Sandrow syndrome (LSS). She had hypertelorism, flat nose with grooved collumella, "V" shaped mouth with thin lips, 7 well-recognized and fused digits and 1 additional postaxial bilateral appendix on each hand. The right and left feet had 12 and 11 toes, respectively, the 4 external ones were recognizable, and the rest were fused in a uniform mass but with independent nails. There was also a 2.3 cm-long digitiform appendix in the internal part of both feet. Radiographs showed seven metacarpals and seven metatarsals with similar morphology; both hands lacking thumbs. The four lateral-most toes had regular shaped phalanges and the rest were irregular. The left digitiform appendix had three bones and the right only two. Tibiae were shorter than fibulae. Central Nervous System examination showed an abnormally shaped olivary nucleus, cerebellar cortical heterotopias, gray matter ectopias in both spinal cord and hemispheric white matter, marked ventricular dilatation, and moderate diffuse white matter gliosis. Karyotype was 46XX. A complete necropsy study is presented and all reported cases are reviewed focusing on their phenotypic differences and their nosologic classification. We propose the entity LSS only in cases with symmetric tetrameric polysyndactyly, especially cup-shaped hands and mirror feet, in association with nasal anomalies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…By the formation of gradients of diffusible morphogens, different cellular populations inform the others of their relative positions and induce their differentiation. The putative diffusible morphogens may be the product of several genes [Rivera et al, 1999].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laurin–Sandrow syndrome: Review and redefinition

Mariño-Enríquez¹,

Lapunzina²,

Omeñaca³

et al. 2008

American J of Med Genetics Pt A

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“…Teratogenic chemicals can also cause polydactyly (Hootnick et al. 1983, Rivera et al. 1999), and pesticide application was indeed suggested by Kunz and Chase (1983) as a cause for polydactyly and other anomalies in E. fuscus in an urban environment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Polydactyly in the largest New World fruit bat, Artibeus lituratus

et al. 2011

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Polydactyly in bats has rarely been observed; a few cases are recorded for insectivorous molossid and vespertilionid species in North America. Here we report polydactyly in the foliage‐roosting phyllostomid Artibeus lituratus, in the southern Pantanal floodplain and adjacent uplands, Brazil. Bats were mist‐netted in six populations, and capture rate per population was estimated. Of 444 A. lituratus individuals sampled, one female and one male exhibited supernumerary toes. These cases occurred in the two densest populations, in sites where forests are distributed in small disconnected fragments. This situation could favour increased inbreeding in A. lituratus and, indirectly, the manifestation of polydactyly.

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“…It has to be differentiated from polydactyly, where accessory tarsal or metatarsal bones are not seen [ 1 ]. The condition is known to be associated with congenital heart anomalies, mainly atrial septal defect [ 2 ]. There was no congenital heart anomaly in our patient.…”

Section: Case Presentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A rare association of deformities with diplopodia, aplasia of the tibia and double fibula: A case report

2008

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IntroductionThe association of fibular duplication with metatarsal diplopodia is extremely rare with only a few cases reported in the medical literature.Case presentationWe present a 4-month-old girl with left tibial agenesis with fibular duplication (mirror foot) and metatarsal diplopodia.ConclusionThe case report highlights the need for an understanding of this rare congenital anomaly which may be seen only once in the working lifetime of an orthopaedic surgeon.

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Anatomy of a duplicated human foot from a limb with fibular dimelia

Cited by 22 publications

References 22 publications

Laurin–Sandrow syndrome: Review and redefinition

Laurin–Sandrow syndrome: Review and redefinition

Polydactyly in the largest New World fruit bat, Artibeus lituratus

A rare association of deformities with diplopodia, aplasia of the tibia and double fibula: A case report

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