“…T. castaneum is the outstanding model species in which the morphological development and the molecular and physiological functions of the excretory system have been described and compared with those of Drosophila in order to define the selective pressure that has produced this specialised structure from an evolutionary perspective (King & Denholm, 2014). The cryptonephridial system is typically found in species that feed on dry food or live in environmental conditions requiring minimal water loss such as dipterans (Green, 1980), coleopterans (Grimstone et al, 1968; Özyurt Koçakoğlu et al, 2022) and lepidopterans (Kolosov & O'Donnell, 2019; Ramsay, 1976). The high resolution of this structure obtained in our 2D virtual sections and 3D reconstructions suggests that this technique may be useful for further comparative analyses of the cryptonephridial system in insects.…”
Synchrotron X-ray phase-contrast microtomography (SR-PhC micro-CT) is well established, fast and non-destructive imaging technique for data acquisition that is currently being used to obtain new insights into insect anatomy and function in physiological, morphological and phylogenetic studies. In this study, we described in situ the internal organs of the red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum Herbst 1797, a widespread pest of cereals and stored food causing serious damage to the human economy. Two-dimensional virtual sections and volumetric reconstructions of the nervous, alimentary and reproductive systems were carried out in both sexes. The results provided a comprehensive overview of the morphological characteristics of this species, such as the different maturation stages of ovarioles and the realistic location, size and shape of internal organs. Given the great interest in this model species in experimental biology and forensic entomology, complete knowledge of the general anatomy is required for future functional applications in pest control and experimental studies.In addition, this study confirms SR-PhC micro-CT as a powerful and innovative tool in entomology, particularly suitable for small species and chitinized structures that are difficult to analyse using conventional dissection and histological methods.
“…T. castaneum is the outstanding model species in which the morphological development and the molecular and physiological functions of the excretory system have been described and compared with those of Drosophila in order to define the selective pressure that has produced this specialised structure from an evolutionary perspective (King & Denholm, 2014). The cryptonephridial system is typically found in species that feed on dry food or live in environmental conditions requiring minimal water loss such as dipterans (Green, 1980), coleopterans (Grimstone et al, 1968; Özyurt Koçakoğlu et al, 2022) and lepidopterans (Kolosov & O'Donnell, 2019; Ramsay, 1976). The high resolution of this structure obtained in our 2D virtual sections and 3D reconstructions suggests that this technique may be useful for further comparative analyses of the cryptonephridial system in insects.…”
Synchrotron X-ray phase-contrast microtomography (SR-PhC micro-CT) is well established, fast and non-destructive imaging technique for data acquisition that is currently being used to obtain new insights into insect anatomy and function in physiological, morphological and phylogenetic studies. In this study, we described in situ the internal organs of the red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum Herbst 1797, a widespread pest of cereals and stored food causing serious damage to the human economy. Two-dimensional virtual sections and volumetric reconstructions of the nervous, alimentary and reproductive systems were carried out in both sexes. The results provided a comprehensive overview of the morphological characteristics of this species, such as the different maturation stages of ovarioles and the realistic location, size and shape of internal organs. Given the great interest in this model species in experimental biology and forensic entomology, complete knowledge of the general anatomy is required for future functional applications in pest control and experimental studies.In addition, this study confirms SR-PhC micro-CT as a powerful and innovative tool in entomology, particularly suitable for small species and chitinized structures that are difficult to analyse using conventional dissection and histological methods.
“…The midgut originates from the entoderm and is the main place for food digestion and nutrient absorption [ 39 ], especially in maintaining ion balance and water transport [ 34 , 40 ]. The surface of the midgut is sometimes smooth and uniform, sometimes with saccate protrusions, which are globular, filiform elongate, or finger-like papillae, and it varies in position, number, arrangement, and nomenclature among different species and groups [ 33 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 ]. The hindgut originates from the ectoderm and is divided into three parts: the ileum, colon, and rectum [ 49 ].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The openings of the Malpighian tubules insert into the junction of the midgut and hindgut. Proximal tubules are free in the hemocoelic cavity, and distal tubules wander in the hemocoelic cavity or form a cryptonephridial system with the hindgut [ 33 , 43 , 47 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 ]. Malpighian tubules are usually arranged in one of two ways: (1) evenly around the alimentary canal; (2) in groups of one or two or three around the alimentary canal [ 32 , 42 , 52 , 53 ].…”
Meligethes (Odonthogethes) chinensis is a highly specialized species of Nitidulidae in China that takes pollen as its main food source, and its main host plant is Rubus idaeus L. (Rosaceae). In this study, the structural morphology of the alimentary canal and Malpighian tubules of adult M. (O.) chinensis was observed under light, fluorescence, and scanning electron microscopy. The alimentary canal of adult M. (O.) chinensis is divided into foregut, midgut, and hindgut. The foregut is the shortest and consists of the pharynx, esophagus, proventriculus, and cardiac valve. The midgut is a straight, distended, cylindrical, thin-walled tube. Numerous blunt-fingered gastric ceca are distributed irregularly throughout the midgut. The hindgut is subdivided into the ileum, colon, and rectum. The ileum is coiled. The colon gradually enlarges posteriorly. The rectum is thickly muscled and followed by a membranous structure. The openings of proximal Malpighian tubules are evenly inserted into the junction of the midgut and hindgut, and distal Malpighian tubules are evenly attached to the colon to form a cryptonephridial system. In this study, we also compare the structure and infer the function of the alimentary canal and Malpighian tubules among beetles, as well as discuss the evolutionary and taxonomical implications.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.