Anatomical profile and genetic variability of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) cultivars in Banyumas, Central Java, based on RAPD markers

Abstract

Abstract. Samiyarsih S, Fitrianto N, Azizah E, Herawati W, Rochmatino. 2020. Anatomical profile and genetic variability of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) cultivars in Banyumas, Central Java, based on RAPD markers. Biodiversitas 21: 1755-1766. Indonesia has developed a food consumption diversification based on local sources. Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) is one of the tubers of carbohydrate sources in addition to wheat, rice, corn, potatoes, and cassava. It has a wide distribution, and high cultivars diversity produces a high variation on its morphology, anatomy, and genetic modification. The objectives of this research were to investigate the anatomical profile and genetic variability of eight sweet potatoes (Ipomoea batatas) cultivars found in Banyumas, Central Java, Indonesia. Anatomical profile was observed by the embedding method and subjected to analysis of variance. DNA amplification using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) method with 10 primers, namely OPA-1, OPA-2, OPA-3, OPA-4, OPA-9, OPA-11, OPA-13, OPA-15, OPA-16, and OPA-18. The result of the anatomical study showed that eight sweet potato cultivars have significantly different (p<0.05) variation in leaf anatomical profile. RAPD primers produced 52 amplified fragments varying from 100 to 1300 bp in size, and 90.40% of the amplification bands were polymorphic. The genetic similarity level is ranged from 0.37 to 0.93. Two unspecific groups were forming at a coefficient of 55% from the dendrogram. The first group consisted of one cultivar, Cangkuang, and the second group consisted of seven cultivars Antin, Ungu Tua, Borobudur, Sukuh, Sari, Beta, and Kidal. The nearest relationships cultivars were Borobudur, and Ungu Tua had the highest similarity coefficient of 93%, and the lowest similarity found in Cangkuang and Antin with a coefficient of 37%. The range of genetic distance of eight cultivars was from 0.37-0.93. Implementation of the research would particularly useful for the identification and evaluation of the genetic improvement of sweet potato cultivars.

THE EFFECT OF CHROMIUM STRESS ON MICRO-ANATOMICAL PROFILE OF CHILI (Capsicum annuum L.)

“…The structure and anatomical character of the vegetative organs of chili give different and varied responses. Changes in micro-anatomic profiles occur in plants due to abiotic stress environment, such as sweet potato leaves due to nitrogen poisoning (Juwarno et al, 2009), mangrove leaves due to metal pollution in water (Samiyarsih et al, 2017), soybean leaves due to salinity stress (Juwarno et al, 2018), and diversity of snake fruit and sweet potatoes anatomy in the geographical conditions of an area (Herawati et al, 2018;Samiyarsih et al, 2020).…”

“…Observations were made with a binocular microscope, Olympus CH-20, at 400x magnification. Measurement of anatomical profiles done using a calibrated ocular micrometer (Samiyarsih et al, 2020).…”

Histopathological Evaluation of Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) Strains Resistance to Sclerotium rolfsii Disease

“…Anatomical characteristics including cuticle, epidermis, mesophyll, stomata size, stomata, and trichomes density per mm 2 area of the epidermis of leaves were observed using embedding methods of Khoiroh et al (2014) and Samiyarsih et al (2020a) with a slight modification. The 5 th leaf from the shoot bud was taken and cut into one-cm pieces.…”

Local Cultivars of Sweet Potato in West Sumatra, Indonesia: Its Characteristics, Yield Potentials, and Organoleptic Values

“…In total, 20% of farmers identified a variety as improved when in fact it was local and 19% identified a variety as local when it was in fact improved. Samiyarsih et al [25] has conducted a research regarding to genetic variability of sweet potato cultivars in Banyumas, Central Java. They stated that results of their investigations would be mainly used for identification and useful for the evaluation of the genetic improvement of sweet potato cultivars.…”