Anatomical comparison of branches and trunks of seven commercial wood species

Abstract

Indonesia is a mega-biodiversity country that grows about 4000 timber producer tree species in tropical rain forest. The comprehensive information of wood properties and quality is important in managing the natural resources sustainably. However, stem in basic properties studies of wood from the natural forest is limited because of some difficulties in harvesting until the transportation process. Hence, study the wood branches becomes a solution, as sometimes wood core samples are not adequate. The question was whether the branch properties could represent the main stem properties? Wood anatomy is an important wood property that can predict the other properties, for instance, the physical and mechanical properties, that determine the effective use of this material. This paper aims to present the comparison of wood anatomical properties of branches and main stem of seven commercial wood species. Quantitative and qualitative anatomical structures were investigated according to the International Association of Wood Anatomist (IAWA) Committee. Result shows that the quantitative wood anatomy of four samples (Mimba, Leda, Jabon, and Bintangur) was statistically different, while only one parameter in Tusam, Mindi, and Khaya was different. Accordingly, it can be concluded that studying the wood properties could be carried out using branch effectively.

Anatomy based papermaking potential of some woody plants under different ecological conditions

“…(Pirralho et al 2014), 0,8 for norway maple (Acer platanoides L.) (Durmaz and Ateş 2016), 1,16 for Cornus australis (Gençer and Aksoy 2017), 0,99 for Prunus armeniaca (Gençer et al 2018), 0,78 for Olea europea (Topaloğlu et al 2019), and 0,70 for Eucalyptus sp. (Rahmanto et al 2021). The RUNK is the most important and primary parameter used to determine the suitability of fibers for papermaking.…”

Trade Group Anatomy Structure and Usage of Nyatoh Wood in The Genus OF Palaquium

“…Gambar kayu penampang melintang, radial dan tangensial dapat dilihat pada Gambar 1. Hasil penilaian jenis kelompok kayu perdagangan berdasarkan sistem yang dikembangkan di Puslitbang Hasil Hutan (Djarwanto et al, 2017) adalah sebagai berikut: keindahan : corak = 7; warna = 10; orientasi serat = 10; tekstur =4; kilap = 4; kualitas : berat jenis = 7; kelas awet = 5 dan jumlah = 47 (termasuk Kelas Komersial Indah II).…”

“…Hasil pengamatan ciri-ciri makroskopik kayu Nyatoh genus Palaquium berdasarkan jenis kelompok kayu perdagangan sistem yang dikembangkan oleh Puslitbang Hasil Hutan (Djarwanto et al, 2017) yaitu genus Palaquium memiliki nilai keindahan yang cukup dengan ratarata nilai keindahan corak: 5,5; warna: 9,25; orientasi serat: 8,75; tekstur: 5; kilap: 4,5; jumlahnya adalah 33. Nilai kualitas berat jenis: 7,75 dan kelas awet 5; jumlah kualitas: 12,25.…”

“…Anatomi lainnya yang hampir sama dengan struktur anatomi dari genus yang lain, seperti adanya parenkim pita, ceruk, frekuensi jari-jari dan pembuluh. Pengamatan ciri makroskopik kayu Nyatoh genus Palaquium menunjukkan bahwa kualitas dan nilai keindahannya layak untuk naik ke kelas komersial indah I menurut sistem yang dikembangkan oleh Puslibang Hasil Hutan (Djarwanto et al, 2017).…”

“…Bentuk kayu penampang melintang, radial dan tangensial dapat dilihat pada Gambar 3. Hasil penilaian jenis kelompok kayu perdagangan berdasarkan sistem yang dikembangkan di Puslitbang Hasil Hutan(Djarwanto et al, 2017) adalah keindahan : corak = 4; warna = 10; orientasi serat = 10; tekstur =4; kilap = 5; kualitas : berat jenis = 6; kelas awet = 3, dan jumlah = 42 (termasuk Kelas Komersial Indah II).Ciri-ciri mikroskopik P. obtusifolium memiliki ciri-ciri mikroskopis yang pengamatannya dilakukan di bawah mikroskop dengan pembesaran 25-200x. Hasil pengamatan mikroskop disesuaikan dengan buku IAWA (Tabel 4).…”