Anatomic variation of the middle cerebral artery in the Sprague-Dawley rat.

Fox, George A; Gallacher, David J.; Shevde, S.; Loftus, Jane; Swayne, G. T. G.

doi:10.1161/01.str.24.12.2087

Cited by 76 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(7 reference statements)

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“…However, there was considerable variation in the rate and extent of expansion. The reason for the variability was not determined in this study, but may be related to variations in cerebral vasculature (33) and intralumenal-suture placement. The observation that the CBF threshold associated with the ADC 15 area either does not change or changes only slightly, and the results presented in Table 2 suggest that the spread of the ADC 15 area may be attributable, at least in part, to an increase in the area with CBF levels below the threshold for energy failure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Correlation of early reduction in the apparent diffusion coefficient of water with blood flow reduction during middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats

Mancuso

Karibe

Rooney

et al. 1995

Magnetic Resonance in Med

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To determine the relationship between reductions in the apparent diffusion coefficient of water (ADC) and in cerebral blood flow (CBF) during focal ischemia, we used diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance (D-MR) imaging and autoradiographic CBF analysis to examine rats subjected to 30 or 90 min of permanent middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion. In the 30-min occlusion group (n = l0), the area with substantially reduced ADC (15% or more below the contralateral level [ADCJ 15 ]) corresponded best to the area with CBF below 25 ml/lOO g/min and was significantly smaller than the area with CBF below 50 m1/100 g/min (CBF 50 ), a level associated with reduced protein synthesis and delayed necrosis (40 ± 13% versus 74 ± 8% of the ischemic hemisphere; P < 0.OOOl). In the 90-min occlusion group (n = 6), the ADC 15 area corresponded best to the CBF 30 to CBF 35 area and was again significantly smaller than the CBF 50 area (54 ± 13% versus 73 ± 20%, P < 0.05). Thus, the area of substantially reduced ADC at 30 and 90 min represents only 53% and 74%, respectively, of the tissue at risk for infarction. These findings indicate a potential limitation in using early D-MR imaging to predict stroke outcome.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Correlation of early reduction in the apparent diffusion coefficient of water with blood flow reduction during middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats

Mancuso

Karibe

Rooney

et al. 1995

Magnetic Resonance in Med

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show abstract

“…The authors used cortical blood flow and apparent diffusion co-efficient maps and 2,3,5-Triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining to arrive at that conclusion (Bardutzky et al, 2005). Other studies have also confirmed differences in the middle cerebral artery occlusion model in different strains (Fox et al, 1993;Sauter et al, 1995;Oliff et al, 1996). The rat model for middle cerebral artey was first described by Robinson et al in 1975 and has since been modified by several groups (Tamura et al, 1981;Bederson et al, 1986).…”

Section: Are Hsc a Viable Avenue For Stroke Therapy?mentioning

confidence: 95%

The Promise of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Therapy for Stroke: Are We There Yet?

Afzal¹,

Mocco²

2012

Advances in the Treatment of Ischemic Stroke

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“…However, although one of the major advances of stroke research has been through the development of reproducible techniques for the induction of focal or global ischemia in animals, the fact remains that there is a substantial number of variants of those in vivo bioassays. 7 Thus, the development of experimental strategies that improves the specificity of the assay and saves animal is a challenge. A probable solution to these problems can be an in vitro neuronal cell culture system, which allows the monitoring of pharmacological effects in an animal-saving and organspecific manner.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between activity at onset of symptoms and complications of St-segment elevation myocardial infarction in Erbil teaching hospital

Othman

Abdulkareem

2012

ZJMS

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Background and objectives:The established methods to demonstrate the neuroprotective efficacy of drugs still use in vivo animal tests. The objective of the present study, therefore, was to develop in vitro screening systems based on digitized fluorescent imaging of individual neurons from neuronal cell cultures as a practical model for assessment of neuroprotectors during excitotoxicity . Methods: Cortical cells from embryonic mice were cultivated on glass coverslips Cells were loaded with the fluorescence dye rhodamine-123. The coverslips were mounted in a temperature controlled flow-through chamber. The superfusion chamber was mounted on an inverted microscope. The emission light after excitation of the dye was measured with an intensified CCD camera, accordingly the changes in the mitochondrial membrane potential were monitored. Results: Neurotoxic concentrations of glutamic acid induced a rapid and irreversible damage to mitochondrial membrane potential. The non-competitive NMDA-receptor antagonist MK-801 (dizocilpine) preserved neuronal viability. The loss of rhodamine-123 fluorescence highly correlated with the ongoing neuronal cell death and was shown to be a suitable parameter to determine the neuroprotective action of pharmaceutical compounds. Conclusion: Loss of the mitochondrial membrane potential can be used as dynamic markers of cellular injury in vitro. Presumably, the in vivo animal experiments are required and cannot be avoided completely. However, the described approach can at least enlighten the preliminary neuroprotective effect of drugs or their critical concentrations directly on the neuronal level and by that way avoid a large number of animal tests.

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Anatomic variation of the middle cerebral artery in the Sprague-Dawley rat.

Abstract: Results: Six distinct branching patterns were observed. The majority (82.9%) of middle cerebral arteries studied conformed to the typical bifurcating vessel commonly referred to in the literature. However, the

Cited by 76 publications

References 22 publications

Correlation of early reduction in the apparent diffusion coefficient of water with blood flow reduction during middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats

Correlation of early reduction in the apparent diffusion coefficient of water with blood flow reduction during middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats

The Promise of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Therapy for Stroke: Are We There Yet?

Association between activity at onset of symptoms and complications of St-segment elevation myocardial infarction in Erbil teaching hospital

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