Anatomic Variation in Morphometry of Human Coracoid Process among Asian Population

Fathi, Manal; Cheah, Pike See; Ahmad, Umar; Nasir, M Nizlan; San, Aye Aye; Rahim, Ezamin Abdul; Hussin, Paisal; Mahmud, Rozi; Othman, Fauziah

doi:10.1155/2017/6307019

Cited by 26 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The coracoid morphological parameters stratified by gender showed that all parameters were significantly greater in males than in females, which is in agreement with the findings of previous studies [24,29,31,33,38]. Conversely, Imma et al [27] found significant sexrelated differences in the measurements except for the base height, tip length, and midpoint width.…”

Section: Gender Differences In Morphometric Measurements Of the Coracsupporting

confidence: 91%

Morphometric analysis of the coracoid process and glenoid width: a 3D-CT study

Jia

He²,

Liu

et al. 2020

J Orthop Surg Res

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Background: Data regarding the parameters of the coracoid process and glenoid width are insufficient, and information on gender, age, and ethnic differences in the parameters appear lacking in the Chinese population. This study aimed to investigate the morphometric parameters in the coracoid process and glenoid width. Methods: Using our institution's electronic database, we selected 84 patients (55 males and 29 females) who underwent a shoulder computed tomography (CT) scan from January 2017 to May 2018 in this study. Mimics19.0 software was used for three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction of CT and to measure the morphometric parameters of the coracoid process and glenoid width. Subgroup analyses stratified by gender and age were conducted and the parameters were compared with previously published reports. All data were statistically analysed by SPSS23.0 Statistical Package. Results: A positive and significant relationship between the coracoid process and the glenoid width (R > 0.758, P < 0.01) was found. The midpoint width represents 52% (41-62%) of the glenoid width; the midpoint height, 40% (31-53%) of the glenoid width. Significant differences in all parameters between males and females were noted (P < 0.05). No significant differences among the age groups were observed (P > 0.05), whereas significant differences in almost all parameters between the ethnic groups were observed (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Our results could supplement the information in the shoulder joint database with morphometric parameters and provide a reference for theoretical research on coracoid osteotomy, which may in turn help surgeons in the evaluation of coracoid process transfer.

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Section: Gender Differences In Morphometric Measurements Of the Coracsupporting

confidence: 91%

Morphometric analysis of the coracoid process and glenoid width: a 3D-CT study

Jia

He²,

Liu

et al. 2020

J Orthop Surg Res

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“…It is evident that the dimensions of the coracoid process in the present study show similarities with the earlier studies. However, the values of the thickness of coracoid process recorded in the present study are at appreciable variance with the result of the study done by Fathi et al (9).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 51%

Osteometric Assessment of Coracoid Process of Scapula-Clinical Implications

Kumar¹,

Kohli²,

Mehta³

et al. 2018

JSA

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The coracoid process is a bony projection arising from the antero-lateral aspect of the scapula. The variation in the height and length of the coracoid process are responsible for altered size and shape of the space between the coracoacromial arch and the rotator cuff. The study was conducted on sixty-four dry adult human scapulae of unknown age and sex with a view to elucidate the morphological and osteometric details. The length of coracoid process on right side was 41.01±3.55 mm and it was found to be 40.88±3.83 mm on left sided. The breadth of coracoid process was observed as 13.93±1.13 mm and 13.25±1.26 mm on right and left side respectively and the difference between the two sides was statistically significant (p=0.026). Thickness of the coracoid process was 8.59±1.32 mm and 8.01±1.16 mm in right and left sided scapulae. The acromiocoracoid distance was found to be 38.48±4.03 mm on right side and 35.51±3.83 mm on left sided scapulae and the difference between to the two sides showed high statistically significance (p=0.004). Mean coracoglenoid distance was noted 26.23±3.05 mm and 24.94±2.75 mm on right and left sided scapulae respectively. Values of the thickness of coracoid process recorded in the present study are at appreciable variance with the result of previous study. The coracoid process constitutes an important component of the scapular glenoid construct and is involved in many surgical interventions on the glenohumeral joint. Comprehension of standard morphometric details of the coracoid process is vital in traumatic cases, surgical interventions and replacement surgeries in the shoulder region.

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“…Therefore, in 46% of the cases there was less than the ideal length of 25 mm, according to the original technique [11,15] [19,20]. From the aforementioned studies and the international literature, the coracoid length seems to be positively affected by male gender, age, overall height and Caucasian genetics [12,13,17,20,21]. In our study population, the height of the cadavers was not available, however we observed a positive correlation with the glenoid height.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Best implant choice for coracoid graft fixation during the Latarjet procedure depends on patients’ morphometric considerations

et al. 2020

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Purpose: To assess the anthropometric dimensions of the coracoid process and the glenoid articular surface and to determine possible implications with the different commercially available Latarjet fixation techniques. Methods: In a total of 101 skeletal scapulae the glenoid length (GL), the glenoid width (GW), the coracoid length (CL), the coracoid width (CW) and the coracoid thickness (CTh) were measured. In order to assess the ability of the transferred coracoid to restore the glenoid anatomy we created a hypothetical model of 10%, 15%, 20%, 25% and 30% glenoid bone loss. We analyzed four common surgical fixation techniques for the Latarjet procedure (4.5 mm screws, 3.75 mm screws, 3.5 mm screws, and 2.8 mm button). The distances from the superior-inferior and mediolateral limits of the coracoid using the four different fixation methods were calculated. We hypothesized that the "safe distance" between the implant and the coracoid osteotomy should be at least equal to the diameter of the implant. Results: The intra and inter-observer reliability tests were almost perfect for all measurements. The mean GH was 36.8 ± 2.5 mm, the GW 26.4 ± 2.2 mm, the CL 23.9 ± 3 mm, the CW 13.6 ± 2.mm, and the mean CTh was 8.7 ± 1.3 mm. The CL was < 25 mm in 46% of the cases. In cases with 25% and 30% bone loss, the coracoid graft restored the glenoid anatomy in 96% and 79.2% of the cases. With the use of the 4.5 mm screws the "safe distance" was present in 56% of the cases, with the 3.75 mm screws in 85%, with the 3.5 mm screws in 87%, and with the 2.8 mm button in 98% of the cases. The distance from the medio-lateral limit of the coracoid could be significantly increased (up to 9 mm) when smaller-button implants are used. Conclusions: The coracoid graft could not always restore glenoid defects of 30%. Larger implants could be positioned too close to the osteotomy and the "medio-lateral offset" of the coracoid could be increased with smaller implants.

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Anatomic Variation in Morphometry of Human Coracoid Process among Asian Population

Cited by 26 publications

References 23 publications

Morphometric analysis of the coracoid process and glenoid width: a 3D-CT study

Morphometric analysis of the coracoid process and glenoid width: a 3D-CT study

Osteometric Assessment of Coracoid Process of Scapula-Clinical Implications

Best implant choice for coracoid graft fixation during the Latarjet procedure depends on patients’ morphometric considerations

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