Anatomic effects of curly top and aster yellows viruses on tomato

Rasa, E. A.; Esau, Katherine

doi:10.3733/hilg.v30n17p469

Cited by 27 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…In lupins infected with pea mosaic virus (PMV) (151) ; potato in the initial stages of potato virus X (PVX) infection (62) and tobacco forming local lesions after TMV infection (148), increased levels of auxin activity were found . Basipetal transport of 14 C-IAA was inhibited in stem sections from BCTV-infected tomato showing apical symptoms (128) although this was associated with detectable phloem damage (109) . In contrast, an increased rate of auxin transport was found in stem sections of tomato after infection with aster yellows virus (AYV) (142) although this pathogen is now known to be a mycoplasma (51) .…”

Section: Auxinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant growth regulators and virus infection: A critical review

Fraser¹,

Whenham²

1982

Plant Growth Regul

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Virus infection can severely inhibit plant growth and distort development . This article reviews changes in plant growth regulator metabolism caused by infection . In general, virus infection decreases auxin and gibberellin concentrations and increases abscisic acid concentration . Ethylene production is stimulated in necrotic or chlorotic reactions to infection, but not where the virus spreads systemically without necrosis . While these broad trends are true for most host-virus combinations studied, several situations are recorded where the virus had other effects on growth substance concentration . Cytokinin changes do not show any common pattern : both increases and decreases after infection have been reported .The extent to which virus-induced changes in growth substance concentration could be responsible for observed alterations in host growth and development is discussed . While changes in abscisic acid, gibberellin and ethylene production seem potentially important, the experimental evidence does not provide conclusive proof for control of growth by these changes .The numerous investigations of effects of exogenous regulators on virus multiplication and pathogenesis are reviewed . Different regulators, or the same regulator applied at different times or concentrations, had very diverse effects, and in some cases did significantly alter virus multiplication and pathogenesis . However, such studies seem to have yielded disappointingly little understanding of the biochemistry of the host-virus interaction, and the possible involvement of growth substances in this .Possible uses of plant growth regulators in chemotherapy of virus disease, and their possible involvement in natural or induced resistance mechanisms are discussed .

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Section: Auxinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant growth regulators and virus infection: A critical review

Fraser¹,

Whenham²

1982

Plant Growth Regul

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“…The latter cells may be comparable to the so-called necrotic cells. It should be pointed out that in classical literature the occurrence of necrotic cells in the sieve element was repeatedly reported as a characteristic internal symptom of 'yellows' diseased plants (Girolami, 1955;Rasa and Esau, 1961). The true nature of the necrotic cells is still unknown.…”

Section: Fig 6 Zeefcellen Vol Met Een Abnormale Vorm Van Mycoplasmmentioning

confidence: 99%

An anomalous form of mycoplasma-like bodies in periwinkle infected with the sandal spike agent

Hiruki¹,

Dijkstra²

1973

Netherlands Journal of Plant Pathology

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“…The hyperplastic phloem produced in tomato by the curly-top virus differed from the 2,4-DB hyperplastic phloem because only in the former were companion cells not associated with the supernumerary sieve tube members (Rasa and Esau 1961). The hyperplastic phloem produced in tomato by the curly-top virus differed from the 2,4-DB hyperplastic phloem because only in the former were companion cells not associated with the supernumerary sieve tube members (Rasa and Esau 1961).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Our study is the first to show that a growth regulator (2,4-DB) can induce the differentiation of supernumerary sieve tube members. Esau (1961) and Esau and Hoefert (1978) indicated that the pathogens may induce supernumerary sieve tube members by altering the plant's normal control and synthesis of certain gowth-regulators. Supernumerary sieve elements have been studied most intensively by Esau and her colleagues as one symptom of some viral and mycoplasmal diseases (Esau 1941(Esau , 1977Rasa and Esau 1961).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anatomical effects of 2,4-DB on tomato internodes

Pizzolato¹,

Regehr²

1981

Can. J. Bot.

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Anatomical changes induced in the first internode by an aqueous spray of 4-(2,4-dich1orophenoxy)butyric acid (2,4-DB) (0.56 kg acid equivalent per hectare) confirmed the intolerance of tomato to this herbicide. Hypertrophy, hyperplasia,and plastid destruction occurred rapidly in most tissues. Many of the hyperplastic phloem cells differentiated into unusual supernumerary sieve tube members which were shorter and narrower than normal and which approximated the size of the co-differentiating companion cells. The supernumerary sieve tube members usually possessed several sieve plates and formed sieve tubes which did not follow a vertical course. Although obliteration of the supernumerary sieve tube members was stimulated, it was not associated with the formation of necrotic masses. Secondary wall formation was prevented in the protophloem fibers which became multiseptate following the stimulation of mitoses. The cambial initials were converted into a tissue of squat cells with little organization. Xylem which differentiated after treatment lost its normal heterogeneity and became a tissue of squat tracheary elements and parenchyma with scanty secondary thickening resembling wound xylem. Included phloem differentiated from parenchymatous masses within the xylem, and tylosis formation was stimulated. Pith volume increased by hypertrophy unaccompanied by hyperplasia. Although protophloem fibers did not mature in the internal phloem and limited hyperplasia and hypertrophy did occur, the internal phloem was much less affected than the external. Similarities between the anatomical effects of 2,4-DB and those reported for certain growth regulators and pathogens were noted. PIZZOLATO, T. D., et D. L. REGEHR. 1981. Anatomical effects of 2,4-DB on tomato internodes. Can. J. Bot. 59: 1749-1760.Les changements anatomiques provoquCs dans le premier entrenceud de plants de tomate par l'acide 4-(2,4-dich1orophCnoxy)butyrique en vaporisation aqueuse (equivalent de 0,56 kg d'acide par hectare) confirment que la tomate ne tolkre pas cet herbicide. Une hypertrophie, une hyperplasie et la destruction des plastes se produisent rapidement dans la plupart des tissus. Plusieurs des cellules hyperplastiques du phlokme se diffirencient en ClCments de tubes criblCs surnumCraires qui sont plus Ctroits et plus courts que la normale et qui ont i peu prbs la dimension des cellules compagnes se differencient en mCme temps. Les ClCments de tubes criblCs surnumCraires ont habituellement plusieurs plaques criblCes et foment des tubes criblCs qui ne sont pas orientis verticalement. M&me si 1'oblitCration des tubes criblCs surnumCraires est stirnulee, elle n'est pas associCe la formation de masses nCcrosiques. La formation de parois secondaires est emp&chCe dans les fibres du protophlokme, lesquelles deviennent multicloisonnCes B la suite d'une stimulation de la mitose. Les initiales du cambium se transforment en un tissu peu organis6 de cellules trapues. Le xylkme qui se diffkrencie aprks le traitement perd son hCt6rogCnCitC normale et devient un tiss...

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Anatomic effects of curly top and aster yellows viruses on tomato

Cited by 27 publications

References 22 publications

Plant growth regulators and virus infection: A critical review

Plant growth regulators and virus infection: A critical review

An anomalous form of mycoplasma-like bodies in periwinkle infected with the sandal spike agent

Anatomical effects of 2,4-DB on tomato internodes

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