Anatomía de la madera de cinco especies de la familia Rosaceae

Abstract

RESUMENSe presenta la descripción anatómica, de tipo macroscópica y microscópica de la madera de cinco especies de frutales que pertenecen a la familia Rosaceae. Las especies recolectadas fueron:subfamilia Prunoideae. La colecta se hizo en el estado de Puebla, en el municipio de San Felipe Teotlalcingo. Se muestreó un ejemplar por especie. Para el estudio macroscópico se usaron muestras de 15 x 7 x 1 cm y para el microscópico se hicieron laminillas fijas de cortes y de material disociado. Se obtuvieron tablillas y cortes de los tres planos de la madera que son el transversal, tangencial y radial. A los elementos mensurables se les hizo un análisis estadístico univariado y se clasificaron con base en la media. La madera de las cinco especies presentó características macroscópicas y microscópicas semejantes, aunque hubo diferencias entre las especies de la misma subfamilia y más notables entre las dos subfamilias. El propósito del estudio fue proponer el uso de su madera, ya que generalmente la madera de estos árboles frutales no se aprovecha cuando se derriban una vez que han dejado de ser productivos.PALABRAS CLAVE: Anatomía, frutales, madera, Puebla, Rosaceae. ABSTRACTThe macroscopic and microscopic anatomical description of the wood of five fruit species of the Rosaceae family is described. One tree by species was recollected. The macroscopic study was made in wood samples of 15 x 7 x 1 cm and the microscopic study this was made by using slides of dissociated material and cuts from a cube. Samples of wood and slides showed the three typical planes of wood, namely, transverse cross section, tangential and radial. A univariate statistic analysis was performed to the quantitative elements, which were classified according to their average. The five wood species showed similar macroscopic and microscopic characteristics between subfamily, although there were differences between species of the same subfamily, these were stronger between both subfamilies. The purpose of the study was to suggest possible end uses for the wood of fruits trees, since generally speaking this is not used once the trees are no longer productive.

Orchard biomass residues: Chemical composition, biological activity and wood characterization of apricot tree (Prunus armeniaca L.)

“…Thus, apricot wood has shorter cell dimensions compared to peach, apple, pear, and cherry. Evaluation of the wood anatomy of five Rosaceae family species showed that it could be potentially be used at the end of fruit production 20 . Modern, efficient wood machine processing allows interesting material to be obtained from any wood, including the short trunks of apricot trees.…”

“…Orchards could also be ‘exploited’ as starting material through extracting secondary metabolites with high intrinsic value, due to their wide range of biological activities. For instance, several studies have demonstrated the potential uses of the secondary metabolites derived from agricultural wood extracts, including antioxidant compounds present in vineyard wood, 21 and the radical scavenging properties of extracts derived from olive tree wood 20 …”