Anaplastic lymphoma tyrosine kinase oncogene in human cancer: gene aberrations, methods of detection and therapeutic potential

Abstract

Anaplastic lymphoma tyrosine kinase (ALK) gene could be an attractive oncotarget in human cancers, since it is involved in several genetic alterations resulting in an aberrant activity of the receptor. To date, ALK-rearrangement represents a molecular target for the treatment of ALK-rearranged Non Small Cell Lung Cancer patients, who are highly sensitive to crizotinib, a specific inhibitor. ALK-rearranged patients treated with crizotinib show relevant clinical implications, however several different resistance mechanisms have been identified. Here we review various critical issues related to ALK-targeting therapy, including ALK gene aberrations, methods of detection, mechanism of acquired resistance and second-generation ALK inhibitors.

Application of magnetic nanoparticles in nucleic acid detection

“…Through gene sequencing, it can be seen that lung cancer-related genes such as epidermal growth factor receptor gene mutation, c-MET, ROS1, KRAS, and BRAF, play an extremely important role in diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer [57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71]. In addition to the above diseases, many diseases are related to gene mutations, such as Type 1 diabetes mellitus [72][73][74][75] and Type 2 diabetes mellitus [76][77][78][79][80][81], Lymphoma [82,83], bowel cancer [84][85][86][87][88], and prostatic cancer [89][90][91]. Early nucleic acid detection is significant for identifying these gene mutations to prevent, treat, and identify disease prognosis [92].…”