Analyzing Menton Deviation in Posteroanterior Cephalogram in Early Detection of Temporomandibular Disorder

Abstract

Introduction Some clinicians believed that mandibular deviation leads to facial asymmetry and it also had a correlation with temporomandibular disorders (TMDs). Posteroanterior (PA) cephalogram was widely reported as a regular record in treating facial asymmetry and craniofacial anomalies. The objective of this study was to analyze the relationship of menton deviation in PA cephalogram with temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) symptoms. Materials and Methods TMJ function was initially screened based on TMD-DI questionnaire. PA cephalogram of volunteer subjects with TMDs (n = 37) and without TMDs (n = 33) with mean age of 21.61 ± 2.08 years was taken. The menton deviation was measured by the distance (mm) from menton point to midsagittal reference (MSR) horizontally, using software digitized measurement, and categorized as asymmetric if the value is greater than 3 mm. The prevalence and difference of menton deviation in both groups were evaluated by unpaired t-test. Result The prevalence of symmetry group showed that 65.9% had no TMDs with mean of 1,815 ± 0,71 mm; in contrast, the prevalence of asymmetry group showed that 95.5% reported TMDs with mean of 3,159 ± 1,053 mm. There was a significant difference of menton deviation to TMDs (p = 0.000) in subjects with and without TMDs. Conclusion There was a significant relationship of menton deviation in PA cephalogram with TMDs based on TMD-DI index.

TMD symptoms and vertical mandibular symmetry in young adult orthodontic patients in North Sumatra, Indonesia: a cross-sectional study

“…The assessment of posteroanterior cephalometric variables could be used as a key factor for evaluating the presence of unilateral TMD 23 . TMD signs and symptoms with multifactorial etiologies have been reported as a risk factor in patients with mandibular asymmetry that had menton deviations in Indonesia based on postero-anterior radiography 8 , 20 . In the early detection of mandibular asymmetry related to TMJ disharmony, panoramic radiography is routinely used in the clinic for orthodontic purposes, compared to bilateral tomography of TMJ and postero-anterior radiography.…”

“…The TMD-DI was developed by Himawan et al . in 2006, has been applied in the study the characteristics of TMD and other risk factors in the Indonesian society 8 , 18 , 20 , 21 . In our study, we modify the questions regarding anxiety as stress factor to detect the severity of TMD symptom.…”

“…However, the point related to clenching or grinding was omitted as it failed to show the validity and reliability of criteria (p=0.023). Then any information regarding FAI was only collected for additional information and the TMD-DI used as early screening for analyzing the TMD symptom 20 , 21 . Significance of association between TMD symptoms and vertical mandibular symmetry (or asymmetry) was evaluated using a chi-squared test, with assumed significance at p < 0.05.…”

TMD symptoms and vertical mandibular symmetry in young adult orthodontic patients in North Sumatra, Indonesia: a cross-sectional study

“…The assessment of posteroanterior cephalometric variables could be used as a key factor for evaluating the presence of unilateral TMD 25 . TMD signs and symptoms with multifactorial etiologies have been reported as a risk factor in patients with mandibular asymmetry that had menton deviations in Indonesia based on postero-anterior radiography 8, 20 . In the early detection of mandibular asymmetry related to TMJ disharmony, panoramic radiography is routinely used in the clinic for orthodontic purposes, compared to bilateral tomography of TMJ and postero-anterior radiography.…”

Cortisol in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery: A Double-Edged Sword

“…TMD is a collective term for a group of musculoskeletal and neuromuscular disorders that produce clinical signs and symptoms involving the temporomandibular joints (TMJs), together with the muscles of mastication and associated structures [ 42 ]. TMDs are the third most prevalent disorders causing pain worldwide [ 43 ].…”