Analyzing Crisis Response through Actor-Network Theory: The Case of Kathmandu Living Labs

Thapa, Devinder; Budhathoki, Nama Raj; Munkvold, Bjørn Erik

doi:10.17705/1cais.04119

Cited by 16 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…This is a challenging and a difficult task due to the fact that there is no identical disaster in which impossible to develop a generic formulation that can be applied to all DM cases (Coppola, 2011). Therefore, understanding (Thapa et al, 2017) and equipping (Mejri & Pesaro, 2015;Rivera et al, 2015) the DM activities with as complete and relevant best practice knowledge as possible is urgent to support the DM resilience endeavours. In addition, it is imperative to note that for the effective and efficient DM activities, the knowledge needs to be decomposed and available at the first place to be able to mechanize the decisions making processes out of it (Weichselgartner & Pigeon, 2015).…”

Section: 1mentioning

confidence: 99%

Developing a decision support system for Disaster Management: Case study of an Indonesia volcano eruption

Inan

Beydoun

Pradhan

2018

International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction

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In Disaster Management (DM), a Decision Support System (DSS) first and foremost requires a sufficient amount of representative knowledge to avail it to authorities who need it. A challenge in providing DM knowledge is that relevant authorities are often varied with different requirements. The knowledge may be needed and presented differently according to the decision making process whether it be for planning/policy making or responding operationally to a real time situation. This reality is reflected in the fact that DSS in DM is often focussed on very specific set of tasks e.g. evacuation, logistic or coordination and/or DM phase specific e.g. Preparedness or Response only. However, the trigger for accessing such knowledge is often an external change be it environmental or organisational. Hence, a variety of views or stakeholders are often involved. DM is a complex domain and various concerns and phases are often intertwined. This work advocates a unified access based on a unified representation of the various phases and concerns. The paper contributes to development of the required hybrid mechanisms, some are top down and others are bottom up. The proposed DSS architecture and its development lifecycle accommodate interests of varying DM decision makers. A knowledge conversion process centred on the Meta Object Facility (MOF) is used to structure and disentangle the knowledge for those different interests and roles. A real case study of the recent Mt. Agung volcano eruption in Bali Indonesia is successfully used to demonstrate the efficacy of the development process and the resultant DSS.

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Section: 1mentioning

confidence: 99%

Developing a decision support system for Disaster Management: Case study of an Indonesia volcano eruption

Inan

Beydoun

Pradhan

2018

International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction

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“…ANT was deployed as an analytical tool to comprehend the workings of CBOs in tackling COVID-19 in Cockle Bay and Portee. The study utilised qualitative research techniques that allowed for an in-depth understanding of how various CBOs interpret a crisis situation and interact with other actors to translate objectives into initiatives (Thapa, Budhathoki, and Munkvold, 2017).…”

Section: Research Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Actor‐network analysis of community‐based organisations in health pandemics: evidence from the COVID‐19 response in Freetown, Sierra Leone

Frimpong¹,

Okyere

Diko

et al. 2022

Disasters

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Freetown is confronted with health‐related risks that are compounded by rapid unplanned urbanisation and weak capacities of local government institutions. Addressing such community health risks implies a shared responsibility between government and non‐state actors. In low‐income communities, the role of Community‐Based Organisations (CBOs) in combatting health disasters is well‐recognized. Yet, empirical evidence about how CBOs have drawn on their networks and coordinated community‐level strategies in responding to the Covid‐19 pandemic is scant. Based on a qualitative study in two informal settlements in Freetown, this paper draws on actor‐network theory to understand how CBOs problematize Covid‐19 as a health risk, interact with other actors and the tensions that arise within these actor networks. The study findings show that community vulnerabilities and past experiences with health disasters such as Ebola informed CBOs' perception of Covid‐19 as communal emergency. In response, CBOs coordinated sensitization and mobilization programs by relying on a network of internal and external actors to support Covid‐19 risk reduction strategies. Nonetheless, misunderstandings among actors caused tensions in the actor‐ network. The study suggests that creating new channels for knowledge exchange and building on CBO capacity can help strengthen actor networks in communities and combat current and future health disasters. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

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“…In connection with this, complexity can be considered a phenomenological property which is difficult to explain, evolve, engineer or predict (Page, 2015). However, people sometimes have to make decisions under pressure, especially in crisis situations (Thapa et al , 2017). Multiple causes such as long-term enabling conditions, short-term causes and immediate local triggers are linked to the emergence of complexity in communication during events of mass convergence (Lim, 2018).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of convergence behaviour in social media crisis communication – a complexity perspective

Mirbabaie

Stieglitz

Brünker

2021

ITP

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PurposeThe purpose of this study is to investigate communication on Twitter during two unpredicted crises (the Manchester bombings and the Munich shooting) and one natural disaster (Hurricane Harvey). The study contributes to understanding the dynamics of convergence behaviour archetypes during crises.Design/methodology/approachThe authors collected Twitter data and analysed approximately 7.5 million relevant cases. The communication was examined using social network analysis techniques and manual content analysis to identify convergence behaviour archetypes (CBAs). The dynamics and development of CBAs over time in crisis communication were also investigated.FindingsThe results revealed the dynamics of influential CBAs emerging in specific stages of a crisis situation. The authors derived a conceptual visualisation of convergence behaviour in social media crisis communication and introduced the terms hidden and visible network-layer to further understanding of the complexity of crisis communication.Research limitations/implicationsThe results emphasise the importance of well-prepared emergency management agencies and support the following recommendations: (1) continuous and (2) transparent communication during the crisis event as well as (3) informing the public about central information distributors from the start of the crisis are vital.Originality/valueThe study uncovered the dynamics of crisis-affected behaviour on social media during three cases. It provides a novel perspective that broadens our understanding of complex crisis communication on social media and contributes to existing knowledge of the complexity of crisis communication as well as convergence behaviour.

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Analyzing Crisis Response through Actor-Network Theory: The Case of Kathmandu Living Labs

Cited by 16 publications

References 14 publications

Developing a decision support system for Disaster Management: Case study of an Indonesia volcano eruption

Developing a decision support system for Disaster Management: Case study of an Indonesia volcano eruption

Actor‐network analysis of community‐based organisations in health pandemics: evidence from the COVID‐19 response in Freetown, Sierra Leone

Dynamics of convergence behaviour in social media crisis communication – a complexity perspective

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