Analytical study of the special crafts used in Ancient Tripitaka

Gong, Yuxuan; Bai, Xiaojian; Liu, Liu; Gong, Decai

doi:10.1016/j.culher.2015.03.005

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Technical studies of other sutras have been reported for the purpose of identification and conservation. SEM-EDS, XRD, Raman Spectroscopy and XRF were applied to the identification of pigment and paper fiber in ancient tripitaka, while enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay combined with FTIR was used in characterization of proteinaceous binders and organic coating of tripitaka [7,8]. Accelerator mass spectrometry radiocarbon was applied in the dating of ancient Japanese sutras with the results corresponding to the historical ages recorded on the artefacts [9,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of a Mahamayuri Vidyarajni Sutra excavated in Lu’an, China

et al. 2019

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Historically, sutras played an important role in spreading Buddhist faith and doctrine, and today these remain important records of Buddhist thought and culture. A Mahamayuri Vidyarajni Sutra with polychrome paintings was found inside the cavity on top of the Nanmen Buddhist pagoda, built in the early Tang dynasty (618-627 CE) and located in Anhui Province, China. Textile was found on the preface which is strongly degraded and fragile. Unfortunately, the whole sutra is under severe degradation and is incomplete. Technical analysis based on scientific methods will benefits the conservation of the sutra. Optical microscopy (OM), micro-Raman spectroscopy combined with optical microscope (Raman), scanning electron microscopy in combination with energy dispersive X-ray analysis (SEM-EDS) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) were used to characterize the pigment and gilded material, as well as the paper fiber and textile. Pigments such as cinnabar, minium, paratacamite, azurite, lead white were found. Gilded material was identified as gold. A five-heddle warp satin, made of silk, was found as the textile on the preface of the sutra. The sutra's preface and inner pages were made of paper comprised of bamboo and bark. As a magnificent yet recondite treasure of Buddhism, the sutra was analyzed for a better understanding of the material. A conservation project of the sutra will be scheduled accordingly.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of a Mahamayuri Vidyarajni Sutra excavated in Lu’an, China

et al. 2019

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“…No difference was reported in Fe and Cu contents between foxed and un-foxed areas, but the latter were found to contain lower concentrations of fungi belonging to the Penicillium genus. The most holy book in Tibetan Buddhism is the Tripitaka and two samples were analysed by Gong et al, 313 again using a multi-technique approach that included EDXRF. Results showed that Fe 2 O 3 and silver powder were used in the writing pigment, red lead was used in the paper ller and the protective layer designed to prevent the silver powder from oxidation and sulfurisation may have contained beeswaxall information germane to the conservation of this manuscript.…”

Section: Archaeological and Cultural Heritagementioning

confidence: 99%

2016 Atomic Spectrometry Update – a review of advances in X-ray fluorescence spectrometry and its applications

West¹,

Ellis

Potts

et al. 2016

J. Anal. At. Spectrom.

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“…Methods such as microscopic fiber analysis [1], FTIR [16], XRF [14,15,17], immunological techniques [18] have been applied for Tibetan fragments scientific examinations. Recently, the capacity of a chromatographic based method for the material study of East Asian handmade papers has been explored [19,20] as well as a method of higher selectivity (comprehensive gas chromatography GCxGC) with a more quick and reliable identification procedure [21][22][23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Currently, there are few reports on the study of ancient fragments collected in the Tibetan regions or presented in different museums [16][17][18]24] while the dedication of scholars for the study of ancient Tibetan manuscripts has greatly improved our knowledge for history and development of hand papermaking in ancient Tibet [25]. Nevertheless, there are still undiscovered points about its rich connotation and culture that deserve to be investigated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%