Analytical separation techniques for the determination of chemical warfare agents

Hooijschuur, Edwin W. J.; Kientz, Charles E.; Brinkman, U.A.Th.

doi:10.1016/s0021-9673(02)01426-7

Cited by 153 publications

(106 citation statements)

References 113 publications

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“…Number of methods are reported in the literature regarding the analysis of chemical warfare agents by mass spectral techniques and gas chromatographic techniques with element-specific detectors such as NPD, FPD etc. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. Electron impact (EI) ionization is extensively used for the verification of many chemical warfare agents because of its high sensitivity.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The EI mass spectra of many chemical warfare agents and their degradation products are available in the data base compiled by the Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW), The Netherlands, and in other commercial library databases. Capillary column gas chromatographs equipped with mass selective detectors (GC/ MSD) in EI and chemical ionization (CI) modes are widely used for the unambiguous identification of compounds present in different environmental matrices [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. Recently, we reported the mass spectral analysis of N,N-dialkyl aminoethanols that are precursors for various nitrogen mustards and nerve agents (VX) [15].…”

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confidence: 99%

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Mass spectral study on O,O-dialkyl N,N-dialkyl phosphoramidates under electron impact conditions

Reddy

Prabhakar

Saradhi

et al. 2004

J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom.

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A series of O,O-dialkyl N,N-dialkyl phosphoramidates (1-25) were analyzed under GC-EIMS conditions. Clear-cut differences are found in the fragmentation of O,O-dialkyl N,N-dimethyl phosphoramidates (Series 1) and O,O-dimethyl N,N-dialkyl phosphoramidates (Series 2). The phosphoramidates comprising of mixed/crossed alkyl groups on nitrogen and oxygen (Series 3) showed mixed fragmentation pattern corresponding to both Series 1 and 2 depending on the nature of alkyl groups. All the possible isomers among the studied compounds showed distinguishable EI mass spectra. Although the major ions in the EI mass spectra for the isomers containing O-n-propyl or O-isopropyl and N,N-diethyl or N-isopropyl N-methyl are similar, the isomers could be distinguished by characteristic ions of low abundance at low mass region. The differences are prominent in the metastable ion spectra of characteristic ions. (J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 2004, 15, 547-557)

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Mass spectral study on O,O-dialkyl N,N-dialkyl phosphoramidates under electron impact conditions

Reddy

Prabhakar

Saradhi

et al. 2004

J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom.

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“…CE-FPD proved to be a powerful and rapid method for the determination of alkylphosphonic acids, which are the breakdown products of organophosphorus nerve agents [53]. In 2002, a review paper by the same group was published on this subject [54].…”

Section: Forensic Drugs and Poisonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advances in the applications of CE to forensic sciences (2001–2004)

Tagliaro

Bortolotti

2006

Electrophoresis

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Recent advances in the applications of CE to forensic sciences (2001-2004)The present article reviews the applications of CE in forensic science covering the period from 2001 until the first part of 2005. The overview includes the most relevant examples of analytical applications of capillary electrophoretic and electrokinetic techniques in the following fields: (i) Forensic drugs and poisons, (ii) explosive analysis and gunshot residues, (iii) small ions of forensic interest, (iv) forensic DNA and RNA analysis, (v) proteins of forensic interest, and (vi) ink analysis.

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“…CWAs and their degradation products were removed from solid matrices using solvents and then analyzed. 8 Davis et al 9 extracted mustard from concrete after a 30-min contact time using isopropanol and acetonitrile; gas chromatography with mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis of the solvent showed 2 to 68% recovery of mustard when isopropanol was used and 7 to 21% recovery of mustard when acetonitrile was used. Decomposition products were not detected.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Degradation of Mustard on Concrete: GC/MSD and SSMAS

Brevett¹,

Sumpter²,

Wagner³

2006

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Analytical separation techniques for the determination of chemical warfare agents

Cited by 153 publications

References 113 publications

Mass spectral study on O,O-dialkyl N,N-dialkyl phosphoramidates under electron impact conditions

Mass spectral study on O,O-dialkyl N,N-dialkyl phosphoramidates under electron impact conditions

Recent advances in the applications of CE to forensic sciences (2001–2004)

Degradation of Mustard on Concrete: GC/MSD and SSMAS

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