Analytical overview of machine designs and technical solutions for hemp har-vesting

Abstract

Various methods of hemp harvesting, technological operations and technical equipment of such a process developed by foreign and native fabricators are reviewed. The complex of Soviet-made hemp harvesting equipment is represented by old samples with exorbitant service life (about 30 years), low productivity (about 1 ha / hour) and involves significant manual labor costs. The experience of harvesting hemp crops with classic combine harvesters and General purpose machines is described. Foreign harvesting equipment is considered, which is represented by high-performance hemp harvesters and reapers. Its advantages (self-propelled, high performance) and disadvantages (significant cost of the complex from 30 to 50 million rubles, complexity of the design, unavailability for the majority of domestic farms). According to the research results, a scheme of an innovative universal hemp harvester for harvesting hemp in all directions of cultivation was proposed.

The results of field studies of harvesting technical hemp by various technologies

“…Технологии уборки конопли несколько отличаются от сбора других сельскохозяйственных культур и требуют использования специализированной техники, способной выполнять за один проход несколько технологических операций. Кроме того, процесс осложнен высотой растений, достигающей к моменту сбора урожая в среднем 2-3 м, а также строением стеблей, которые содержат прочный лубоволокнистый слой и древесную составляющую [5][6][7].…”