Analytical modelling of high velocity impacts of cylindrical projectiles on carbon/epoxy laminates

Abstract

a b s t r a c tIn this work an analytical model has been developed in order to predict the residual velocity of a cylin drical steel projectile, after impacting into a woven carbon/epoxy thin laminate. The model is based in an energy balance, in which the kinetic projectile energy is absorbed by the laminate through three different mechanisms: linear momentum transfer, fiber failure and laminate crushing. This last mechanism needs the quantification of the through thickness compressive strength, which has been evaluated by means of quasi static punch tests. Finally, high velocity impact tests have been accomplished in a wide range of velocities, to validate the model.

Numerical analysis of high velocity impacts on unidirectional laminates

“…In this balance it is assumed that the loss of kinetic energy of the projectile E k is absorbed by the laminate through two mechanisms, plug formation E p and linear momentum transfer E lm ; other mechanisms such delamination and elastic deformation could be neglected as first approach [10,14].…”

“…These requirements have propelled in the last decades the use of composite materials, particularly CFRP unidirectional laminates. In this context, the structural problem of high velocity impact of debris on aircraft components of composite materials has become a subject of intense interest [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16], not only from the point of view of experimental research [17][18][19] but also from the perspective of numerical simulation and virtual testing, given its potential for reducing the total cost of development of aeronautic structures [20][21][22][23][24][25][26]. These computational aspects are the subject of the present work, which deals with the development of a numerical methodology able to faithfully reproduce the behavior of carbon/epoxy laminates under high velocity impact of small debris.…”

Experimental analysis of normal and oblique high velocity impacts on carbon/epoxy tape laminates

“…In the next decade the number of articles regarding high velocity impacts on carbon/epoxy laminates grew substantially, and not always the main focus was experimental, many of them had a numerical [16][17][18][19][20][21] or an analytical point of view [22][23][24][25][26], which is not the main porpoise of the current work.…”

Numerical analysis of CFRP fluid-filled tubes subjected to high-velocity impact

“…In the 1980s, investigators from civil organizations began to publish articles in which the breakage mechanism of such materials under ballistic impact was investigated primarily from an experimental approach [2][3][4]. Later, both analytical [5][6][7][8][9][10][11] and numerical [12][13][14][15][16][17] approaches were used to predict the energy absorbed by the laminate in a penetrating impact and the damaged area.…”