Analytical Methods for Stability Assessment of Nitrate Esters-Based Propellants

Trache, Djalal; Tarchoun, Ahmed Fouzi

doi:10.1080/10408347.2018.1540921

Cited by 82 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 149 publications

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“…Nitrogen content is considered as a key factor that influences the features and performance of NC and determines its application . Hence, NC with nitrogen amount lower than 12% is widely employed in the areas of membranes, coating, magnetic filtration, biosensors, and printing; whereas NC with nitrogen amount higher than 12% has received applications in the manufacture of energetic materials such as smokeless powders, solid propellants, and gas generator formulations …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Besides that, it has been reported that the origin of cellulose and its preliminary treatment influence the physicochemical, thermal, and energetic features of the produced NC and affect its microstructure . On the other hand, the low combustion temperature, the high impact sensitivity, the high friability, and the low density have restricted the NC applications . Thus, to overcome the existing drawbacks of the conventional NC, many approaches have been explored during the last few decades to promote alternative cellulose‐based energetic materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1,10] On the other hand, the low combustion temperature, the high impact sensitivity, the high friability, and the low density have restricted the NC applications. [18,30] Thus, to overcome the existing drawbacks of the conventional NC, many approaches have been explored during the last few decades to promote alternative cellulose-based energetic materials. The initial selected procedure consisted of the substitution of hydroxyl groups (OH) of cellulose precursor by energetic functional groups to obtain emergent energetic polymers such as azido cellulose nitrate, methyl nitramino-cellulose, and nitrocellulose-tetrazol.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

A Promising Energetic Polymer from Posidonia oceanica Brown Algae: Synthesis, Characterization, and Kinetic Modeling

Tarchoun

Trache

Klapötke

et al. 2019

Macro Chemistry & Physics

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In this study, microcrystalline cellulose nitrate (MCCN) as energetic polymer is successfully obtained from Posidonia oceanica brown algae (POBA). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) results show alterations in the intensities of some absorption bands, suggesting a significant difference in the chemical structure between microcrystalline cellulose and the emergent MCCN samples. X‐ray diffraction (XRD) measurements indicate that MCCNs are more crystalline than conventional nitrocellulose (NC). According to scanning electron microscopy (SEM), both NC and MCCN reveal a compact structure and a rough surface. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) displays that the thermal degradation of MCCNs shifts to lower temperatures compared to the respective NCs. Furthermore, in comparison with NC samples, MCCN samples exhibit high density, high nitrogen content, low viscosity‐average molecular weight, and good thermal stability. On the other hand, kinetic modeling based on DSC data is carried out by isoconversional integral methods to determine Arrhenius parameters and the decomposition mechanisms. It is found that MCCNs present lower activation energies than conventional NCs with a decrease of ≈6%. Finally, this work opens a new pathway to prepare MCCN from POBA, and it is expected to have applications in several areas such as propellants, energetic binders, and gas generators.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Promising Energetic Polymer from Posidonia oceanica Brown Algae: Synthesis, Characterization, and Kinetic Modeling

Tarchoun

Trache

Klapötke

et al. 2019

Macro Chemistry & Physics

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“…These additives act by removing nitrogen oxides formed during nitrate esters decom-position. A detailed mechanism of nitrate esters degradation and stabilization process can be found in our recent reviews [12,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Excellent research works all over the world have focused on the synthesis of new aniline-based stabilizers [14,15], the understanding of the interactions occurred between them [16][17][18], and the evaluation of the stability and performance of related energetic formulations [2,7,8,13,14], but without sufficiently addressing an exhaustive investigation about the compatibility issues for such combinations. Consequently, a number of stabilizers did not satisfy the development of nitrate-ester based energetic materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Insights on the Compatibility of Nitrocellulose with Aniline‐Based Compounds

Trache

Tarchoun

Chelouche

et al. 2019

Propellants Explo Pyrotec

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In this paper, the compatibility of nitrocellulose (NC) with some aniline‐based stabilizers was studied in order to detect any interaction between these materials. Both thermal techniques [differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and vacuum stability test (VST)], and supplementary non‐thermal techniques [Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and densimetry] were used. The thermal and non‐thermal measurements showed that NC was highly compatible with N‐(2‐methoxyethyl)‐p‐nitroaniline (MENA) and diphenylamine (DPA), while a degree of incompatibility is indicated for N‐(2‐acetoxymethyl)‐p‐nitroaniline (ANA). The compatibility of the different mixtures was further probed by the kinetic investigation, and the activation energy and the pre‐exponential factors were computed. A detailed discussion and comparison of the compatibility results from all the methods are made.

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Preparation of anti‐migration transition layer and its application in cast‐in‐case solid rocket motors

Zhang

et al. 2021

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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The polyester‐based transition layers were first synthesized with poly (diethylene glycol adipate), glycerin, and toluene diisocyanate. Then they were coated between the propellant and the liner to improve the bonding performance of the charge and inhibit the migration of the energetic plasticizer in the propellant. The effects of R value (the ratio of the quantity of isocyanate functions NCO with respect to the quantity of hydroxyl functions OH) on migration resistance and bonding performance were also studied. The overall performance was optimized at R = 1.5: after the transition layer was applied, the binding strength was greatly increased from 0.14 to 0.64 MPa, which had good application prospects. Meanwhile, due to the strong interactions between the polar ester groups and N‐butyl‐N‐nitratoethyl nitramine (NENA) in the transition layers, the portion of NENA migrating into liners were reduced from 7.6% to 6.0% (reduced by 21%), indicating that the introduction of polyester transition layers could significantly improve the anti‐migration effect. The activation energies of migration for NENA in the transition layers were about 66.3 ~ 94.3 kJ/mol, which were equivalent to the value of strong hydrogen bonding.

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Analytical Methods for Stability Assessment of Nitrate Esters-Based Propellants

Cited by 82 publications

References 149 publications

A Promising Energetic Polymer from Posidonia oceanica Brown Algae: Synthesis, Characterization, and Kinetic Modeling

A Promising Energetic Polymer from Posidonia oceanica Brown Algae: Synthesis, Characterization, and Kinetic Modeling

New Insights on the Compatibility of Nitrocellulose with Aniline‐Based Compounds

Preparation of anti‐migration transition layer and its application in cast‐in‐case solid rocket motors

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