New Insights on the Compatibility of Nitrocellulose with Aniline‐Based Compounds

Abstract

In this paper, the compatibility of nitrocellulose (NC) with some aniline‐based stabilizers was studied in order to detect any interaction between these materials. Both thermal techniques [differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and vacuum stability test (VST)], and supplementary non‐thermal techniques [Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and densimetry] were used. The thermal and non‐thermal measurements showed that NC was highly compatible with N‐(2‐methoxyethyl)‐p‐nitroaniline (MENA) and diphenylamine (DPA), while a degree of incompatibility is indicated for N‐(2‐acetoxymethyl)‐p‐nitroaniline (ANA). The compatibility of the different mixtures was further probed by the kinetic investigation, and the activation energy and the pre‐exponential factors were computed. A detailed discussion and comparison of the compatibility results from all the methods are made.

A Promising Energetic Polymer from Posidonia oceanica Brown Algae: Synthesis, Characterization, and Kinetic Modeling

“…According to these results, it can be concluded that the NC2 and MCCN1 synthesized from cellulose and microcrystalline cellulose isolated from marine POBA, respectively, were of high purity, comparable to NC1 prepared from cotton cellulose and MCCN2 produced from C‐MCC. Besides that, it is worthy to note that the FTIR spectra of the produced cellulose nitrate and MCCN are comparable with those reported in the literature …”

“…Moreover, the absorption band at 1430–1380 cm −1 is assigned to the asymmetric and symmetric bending vibration of CH 2 group . Additionally, the bands appeared at 1080, 830, 765, and 685 cm −1 , are related to the stretching vibration of CO group, the nitrate ester (ONO 2 ) stretching vibration, and the asymmetric and symmetric deformations of the ONO 2 group . These absorption bands are associated with the typical characteristics of nitrocellulose molecule already reported .…”

“…An X'celerator detector was used to collect data over an angular range of 5–40°/2θ with a step size of 0.017°/2θ and a count time of 50.1650 s at each step. The crystallinity index of samples was determined using the following equation where ka is the relative degree of crystallinity, S cr is the total area for the crystalline peaks, and S am is the total area for the amorphous part.…”

“…The general equation used for thermally stimulated process can be generally written in terms of the amount of the reactants with respect to the time evolution as shown in Equation . where t , T , α, k ( T ), and f (α) refer, respectively, to the time, the temperature, the extent of conversion (0 < α < 1), the temperature dependent rate constant, and the differentiated form of the reaction model.…”

“…Besides that, kinetics behavior studies of energetic materials such as NC and MCCN could be an excellent complementary approach, which can provide reliable information about their decomposition and to estimate the influence of their exothermic degradation on the potential hazard in their preparation, storage, and use . Kinetic parameters (activation energy, pre‐exponential factor, and mathematical reaction mechanism) from non‐isothermal data can be computed by isoconversional and non‐isoconversional procedures . However, it was reported by several authors that utilizing isoconversional methods conducts to more effective kinetic parameters compared to non‐isoconversional approaches as recommended by the international confederation for thermal analysis and calorimetry (ICTAC) …”