Analytical evaluation, by GC/MS, of gelatine removal from ancient papers induced by wet cleaning: A comparison between immersion treatment and application of rigid Gellan gum gel

Casoli, Antonella; Isca, Clelia; Iasio, S. De; Botti, Lorena; Iannuccelli, Simonetta; Residori, L.; Ruggiero, Daniele; Sotgiu, Silvia

doi:10.1016/j.microc.2014.06.011

Cited by 14 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The traditional cleaning procedure implies the immersion of paper artworks in water [3,4], which eventually induces the removal of sizing agents, i.e., gelatine, the spreading of inks and it also leads to the swelling of cellulose fibers, which may cause the deformation of paper after drying, leading to a significant decrease in the mechanical resistance of the cellulosic network [2,[5][6][7][8]. The usage of hydrogels could overcome the drawbacks induced by this traditional cleaning practice.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Innovative chemical gels meet enzymes: A smart combination for cleaning paper artworks

Meisina

Poggi

Bonelli

et al. 2017

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science

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With the aim of demonstrating the versatility of these hydrogels, several case studies, i.e., the removal of grime and water-soluble cellulose degradation byproducts, the removal of animal glue and the removal of starch paste from real samples, are presented. Results obtained with these gels have been compared to those obtained by using another gel used for paper artworks cleaning, i.e., Gellan gel.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Innovative chemical gels meet enzymes: A smart combination for cleaning paper artworks

Meisina

Poggi

Bonelli

et al. 2017

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science

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“…Bands at 1600 cm −1 (stretching amide I), 1540 cm −1 (stretching amide II absorption, combination of C-N stretching and NH bending), and 1455 cm −1 (amide III absorption, C-N stretching/bending) may be attributed to animal glue (gelatin) [19][20][21]. Traditionally, in ancient China, glue was added to a dyed solution to obtain a uniform color [22,23]. Therefore, animal glue may have been used as glue during the dyeing process.…”

Section: Spectral Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analyzing ancient Chinese handmade Lajian paper exhibiting an orange-red color

et al. 2019

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The ancient technique employed to produce Lajian paper-a very famous Chinese traditional handmade paperhas been lost. However, widespread restoration of the traditional skills used in the paper's production is emerging in China. A small piece of orange-red Lajian paper dating from the Qing dynasty and decorated with flecked Ag and Au was chosen as the subject of this study to investigate the paper's composition and structure using optical microscopy (OM), SEM-EDS, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Raman spectroscopy, and FTIR spectroscopy. The results revealed that the raw materials constituting the Lajian paper were bast and bamboo fibers. Each of the two paper layers was treated differently. First, the upper orange-red layer was treated with kaolinite and organic turmeric. Next, inorganic minium nt was used to obtain an orange-red color. Animal glue was used as a binding medium. Finally, the dyed surface was waxed with Chinese insect wax and then polished with small stones to form a smooth coating. The same treatment, except for the intentional use of inorganic pigment, was applied to the backing layer. Turmeric dye, minium, and wax coating protected Lajian paper from humidity and mold growth while maintaining the stability of the paper.

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“…Several strategies have been developed to avoid these consequences, such as the use of hydrogels from natural or synthetic sources. − Hydrogels offer several advantages over water baths: thanks to their water retentive properties, they are able to release water and absorb byproducts and other contaminating compounds by capillarity. Furthermore, gels can remove dust and solid contaminants via interfacial adhesion. , Their use has allowed the restoration of very fragile paper samples and the removal of specific materials like natural adhesives or greasy compounds. ,− Despite the great development of cleaning hydrogels, there are still several drawbacks. The first is related to their rigidity, making it difficult or even impossible to conform to rough, fibrous surfaces to penetrate paper pores and interact with the interior fibers of paper: their action is limited to water release and uptake processes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasound-Stimulated PVA Microbubbles for Adhesive Removal from Cellulose-Based Materials: A Groundbreaking Low-Impact Methodology

D’Andrea

Severini

Domenici

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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In this work, we shed new light on ultrasound contrast agents applied to the field of cultural heritage as an invaluable fine-tune cleaning tool for paper artworks. In this context, one of the primary and challenging issues is the removal of modern adhesives from paper artifacts. Modern adhesives are synthetic polymers whose presence enhances paper degradation and worsens its optical features. A thorough analytical and high-spatial-resolution combined study was successfully performed to test the capability of poly(vinyl alcohol)-based microbubbles stimulated by a proper noninvasive 1 MHz ultrasound field exposure in removing these adhesives from paper surfaces, in the absence of volatile invasive and toxic chemicals and without damaging paper and/or leaving residues. We demonstrate that poly(vinyl alcohol)-shelled microbubbles are suitable for interacting with paper surfaces, targeting and boosting in a few minutes the nondamaging removal of adhesive particles from paper samples thanks to their peculiar shell composition together with their ultrasound dynamics.

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Analytical evaluation, by GC/MS, of gelatine removal from ancient papers induced by wet cleaning: A comparison between immersion treatment and application of rigid Gellan gum gel

Cited by 14 publications

References 6 publications

Innovative chemical gels meet enzymes: A smart combination for cleaning paper artworks

Innovative chemical gels meet enzymes: A smart combination for cleaning paper artworks

Analyzing ancient Chinese handmade Lajian paper exhibiting an orange-red color

Ultrasound-Stimulated PVA Microbubbles for Adhesive Removal from Cellulose-Based Materials: A Groundbreaking Low-Impact Methodology

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