Analysis of variability and trends of extreme rainfall events over India using 104 years of gridded daily rainfall data

Rajeevan, M.; Bhate, Jyoti; Jaswal, A. K.

doi:10.1029/2008gl035143

Cited by 573 publications

(394 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…It has been shown by Rajeevan et al (2008) that surface water vapour content and surface mean wind speeds are increasing significantly over the ocean during monsoon season causing increase in the evaporation flux from the ocean surface and more moisture availability, and this may result in an increase in the number of extreme events.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristic features of hourly rainfall in India

Deshpande

Kulkarni

Kumar

2011

Intl Journal of Climatology

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Hourly rainfall data recorded at 72 Self Recording Raingauge Stations (SRRG) for the period 1969-2006 are utilized to study the characteristic features of hourly rainfall and diurnal variations of rainfall in India. Temporal changes in the short duration (less than 12 h) rainfall extremes are examined. Time distribution of a heavy rain spell of 24 h duration, which is an important component in water resources management and flood control studies, is analysed. Different aspects of hourly rainfall such as, average number of rain hours in a year, empirical probability distribution functions have also been examined. Analysis indicates, many stations in India have recorded more than 10 cm of rainfall in an hour's duration. Such stations are located along the west coast, foothills of Himalayas and along the tracks of monsoon disturbances. Extreme rainfall events of various duration (3-12 h) show increasing trends, significant at 5% level, at many stations located in central India and peninsular India except for southern part of west coast. Time distribution of hourly rainfall shows that, on average, 25% of the daily rainfall can be received in just 3 h, while 80% can occur in 12 h during the heavy rain spells of 24-h duration.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristic features of hourly rainfall in India

Deshpande

Kulkarni

Kumar

2011

Intl Journal of Climatology

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“…Heavy precipitation events during critical phases of crop growth may adversely affect foodgrains. However, an increase in heavy precipitation activities is observed over India in recent years (Rajeevan et al 2008). A study, using high-resolution gridded rainfall data for a period from 1951 to 2003, revealed that the frequency and magnitude of extreme rainfall events are increasing, while moderate events are decreasing over central India during summer monsoon (Goswami et al 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Statistical analysis of the relationship between summer monsoon precipitation extremes and foodgrain yield over India

Revadekar

Preethi

2011

Intl Journal of Climatology

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ABSTRACT:The Indian economy largely depends on agriculture which is highly influenced by the spatio-temporal variability of precipitation. Kharif and rabi are the two main crop-growing seasons which require major proportion of rainfall. Increase in heavy precipitation events, however, can have adverse effects on the crops. This study, therefore, is mainly focused on understanding the variation of extremes in precipitation during summer monsoon season and its impact on kharif foodgrain yield over India. For this, several objectively defined indices of observed precipitation extremes, in terms of frequencies and intensities, have been computed for the period 1951-2003 using daily gridded data of 1°latitude ×1°longitude resolution. Efforts have also been made to prepare the climatology of extremes in precipitation to determine their basic characteristics over the Indian region.Correlation analysis reveals that a large part of the country exhibits positive relationship between kharif foodgrain yield and the indices of extreme precipitation, significant at 5% level. Correlations with the indices of frequencies defined as seasonal count of days when rainfall exceeds 85th, 75th, and 65th percentiles (and 30, 20, and 10 mm) show that spatial extent and strength of the positive relationship decreases with increase in threshold values. This indicates that very heavy daily rainfall is less useful than the moderate daily rainfall. Strong negative relationship between the yield and indices of extreme precipitation observed over heavy precipitation areas of northeastern parts of the country indicate that very heavy daily rainfall have an adverse effect on crop. The study also points out that increase in heavy rainfall activities during July are favourable for the yield, but correlations become weak and statistically insignificant during the month of August. Individual crops show similar results as that obtained from aggregate kharif foodgrain, however, magnitude of the correlations varies from crop to crop.

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“…The severe rains have a substantial socio-economic impact in tropical areas which are dependent on agriculture and prone to natural hazards such as flooding and mass movements. Thus, in recent decades in India, many authors have analysed extreme rainfall series for periods of different lengths, using data from different rain-gauge networks and a variety of methods (Rakhecha and Soman 1994;Dhar and Nandargi 1995;Roy and Balling 2004;Goswami et al 2006;Rajeevan et al 2008;Guhathakurta et al 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variation in the orographic extreme rain events over the Meghalaya Hills in northeast India in the two halves of the twentieth century

Prokop

Walanus

2014

Theor Appl Climatol

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The daily rainfall data for the twentieth century, from three stations across the region, constitute the basis for statistical analysis. However, the low signal-to-noise ratio makes it difficult to find any significant departure from the simplest null hypothesis of the stability of the rain record at individual stations in northeast India. Only the coarsest possible view, i.e. comparing the two halves of the century, provided strongly significant results in the numbers of days with extreme rain. Using a more general approach, the number of Fourier transform extreme amplitudes also differed significantly. Increasingly heavy events during the summer monsoon season, and partly in the pre-and post-monsoon seasons, are offset by a weakening in the winter monsoon season, so that the annual mean rainfall does not show a significant trend over the Meghalaya Hills. Apart from a greater number of years with noticeable extreme rainfall events in the second half of the twentieth century, we can also observe a more pronounced quasi-periodicity of 10-20 and 30-60 days during the same period. The detection of the latter periodicity indicates that the Madden-Julian oscillation plays an important role in the formation of extreme rainfall events over the Meghalaya Hills during extreme monsoon years.

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Analysis of variability and trends of extreme rainfall events over India using 104 years of gridded daily rainfall data

Cited by 573 publications

References 22 publications

Characteristic features of hourly rainfall in India

Characteristic features of hourly rainfall in India

Statistical analysis of the relationship between summer monsoon precipitation extremes and foodgrain yield over India

Variation in the orographic extreme rain events over the Meghalaya Hills in northeast India in the two halves of the twentieth century

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