Analysis of Vaginal Lactobacilli from Healthy and Infected Brazilian Women

Martinez, Raquel Chacon Ruiz; Franceschini, Sílvio Antônio; Patta, Maristela Carbol; Quintana, Silvana Maria; Nunes, Álvaro Cantini; Moreira, J. L.; Anukam, Kingsley C.; Reid, Gregor; Martinis, Elaine Cristina Pereira De

doi:10.1128/aem.00284-08

Cited by 40 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The vaginal profiles were dominated by Lactobacillus species, similar to previous findings for American and Brazilian nonpregnant women (41)(42)(43)(44)(45) and for pregnant Canadian women (Mottola et al, unpublished). It has long been believed that the vaginal tract is seeded from the rectum (44), and thus pathogens ascend and colonize.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Microbiota at Multiple Body Sites during Pregnancy in a Rural Tanzanian Population and Effects of Moringa-Supplemented Probiotic Yogurt

Bisanz

Enos

PrayGod

et al. 2015

Appl Environ Microbiol

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103

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The nutritional status of pregnant women is vital for healthy outcomes and is a concern for a large proportion of the world's population. The role of the microbiota in pregnancy and nutrition is a promising new area of study with potential health ramifications. In many African countries, maternal and infant death and morbidity are associated with malnutrition. Here, we assess the influence of probiotic yogurt containing Lactobacillus rhamnosus GR-1, supplemented with Moringa plant as a source of micronutrients, on the health and oral, gut, vaginal, and milk microbiotas of 56 pregnant women in Tanzania. In an open-label study design, 26 subjects received yogurt daily, and 30 were untreated during the last two trimesters and for 1 month after birth. Samples were analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and dietary recalls were recorded. Women initially categorized as nourished or undernourished consumed similar calories and macronutrients, which may explain why there was no difference in the microbiota at any body site. Consumption of yogurt increased the relative abundance of Bifidobacterium and decreased Enterobacteriaceae in the newborn feces but had no effect on the mother's microbiota at any body site. The microbiota of the oral cavity and GI tract remained stable over pregnancy, but the vaginal microbiota showed a significant increase in diversity leading up to and after birth. In summary, daily micronutrient-supplemented probiotic yogurt provides a safe, affordable food for pregnant women in rural Tanzania, and the resultant improvement in the gut microbial profile of infants is worthy of further study.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Microbiota at Multiple Body Sites during Pregnancy in a Rural Tanzanian Population and Effects of Moringa-Supplemented Probiotic Yogurt

Bisanz

Enos

PrayGod

et al. 2015

Appl Environ Microbiol

Self Cite

103

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“…No previous studies compared lactobacillus types with CD4 levels, although a prospective study over time (18) found that vaginosis was more prevalent and persistent among HIV ϩ women and even more pronounced in those with CD4 counts of Յ200. We speculate that this could have been due to lower levels of H 2 O 2 -producing L. crispatus and L. jensenii (2,9,14,15,21). Studies of the WIHS have not demonstrated an inverse relationship between BV and HIV status, but this may reflect behavioral factors such as condom use rather than biologic susceptibility (31).…”

Section: Vaginalis) and Ay526083 (L Iners)mentioning

confidence: 93%

“…For example, the presence of H 2 O 2 -producing lactobacilli was associated with a lower occurrence of BV, and L. crispatus and L. jensenii frequently produce hydrogen peroxide while L. iners and L. gasseri do not (2,9,14,15,21,30). Thus, identification of the types of lactobacilli that colonize the genital tract can potentially help in understanding susceptibility to pathogens.…”

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confidence: 99%

Pyrosequencing of the Genital Microbiotas of HIV-Seropositive and -Seronegative Women Reveals Lactobacillus iners as the Predominant Lactobacillus Species

Spear

Gilbert

Landay

et al. 2011

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…Because of the sensitivity of a Fe-S cluster to oxygen, they can act as environmental sensors and regulate a response by the organism (59). This could be an important mechanism for resistance to oxidative stress in L. iners, where an abundance of H 2 O 2 is produced by other lactobacilli in the vagina (60). Although iron is a required element for nearly all living organisms, it has commonly been accepted that lactobacilli do not require iron for growth and instead, use manganese and cobalt as cofactors for biological processes (36,61).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

At the crossroads of vaginal health and disease, the genome sequence of Lactobacillus iners AB-1

Macklaim

Gloor²,

Anukam

et al. 2010

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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193

184

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Lactobacilli have long been regarded as important constituents of the healthy human vagina. Lactobacillus iners is the most frequently detected bacterial species in the vagina, but little is known about its characteristics. We report a description of the whole-genome sequence of L. iners AB-1 along with comparative analysis of published genomes of closely related strains of lactobacilli. The genome is the smallest Lactobacillus reported to date, with a 1.3-Mbp single chromosome. The genome seems to have undergone one or more rapid evolution events that resulted in large-scale gene loss and horizontal acquisition of a number of genes for survival in the vagina. L. iners may exhibit specialized adaptation mechanisms to the vaginal environment, such as an iron–sulfur cluster assembly system, and several unique σ factors to regulate gene transcription in this fluctuating environment. A potentially highly expressed homolog of a cholesterol-binding lysin may also contribute to host cell adhesion or act as a defense mechanism against other microbes. Notably, there is a lack of apparent adhesion proteins, but several cell-anchor proteins were identified and may be important for interaction with the host mucosal tissues. L. iners is widely present in healthy females as well as those suffering from bacterial vaginosis or who have undergone antimicrobial therapy, suggesting that it is an important indigenous species of the vagina.

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Analysis of Vaginal Lactobacilli from Healthy and Infected Brazilian Women

Cited by 40 publications

References 22 publications

Microbiota at Multiple Body Sites during Pregnancy in a Rural Tanzanian Population and Effects of Moringa-Supplemented Probiotic Yogurt

Microbiota at Multiple Body Sites during Pregnancy in a Rural Tanzanian Population and Effects of Moringa-Supplemented Probiotic Yogurt

Pyrosequencing of the Genital Microbiotas of HIV-Seropositive and -Seronegative Women Reveals Lactobacillus iners as the Predominant Lactobacillus Species

At the crossroads of vaginal health and disease, the genome sequence of Lactobacillus iners AB-1

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