Analysis of upper extremity motion during trip-induced falls

Abdolshah, Saeed; Akiyama, Yasuhiro; Mitsuoka, Kento; Yamada, Yoji; Okamoto, Shogo

doi:10.1109/roman.2017.8172500

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…These simulations can estimate ground reaction force under various fall conditions. However, some simulation conditions, such as locking or zero-torque of joint angles, differ from the actual human fall conditions [6,14]. A study estimated changes in falling speed and time duration by accounting for differences in walking speed as initial conditions [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the Effect of Physical Ability on the Fall Mitigation Motion Using the Combination of Experiment and Simulation

Akiyama,

Yamada,

Okamoto

et al. 2024

Applied Sciences

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The simulation of fall plays a critical role in estimating injuries caused by fall. However, implementing human fall mitigation motions on a simulator proves challenging due to the complexity and variability of fall movement. Our simulator estimates fall motion by extrapolating the motion observed in fall experiments. By incorporating actual fall motion data for the upper limbs, we enhanced the realism of the fall simulation. The application of forward dynamics control to the lower limbs allowed for the adjustment of mitigation motions, taking into account individual physical capabilities. In this study, fall simulations were conducted under the constraints of maximum joint torque and maximum torque change rate, emulating the physical capabilities of both the elderly and young adults. Our results successfully demonstrated the mitigation motion facilitated by the stance leg reduced the descent velocity of the center of mass by 0.75 m/s for elderly individuals and by 1.25 m/s for young adults, compared to a zero torque condition. This indicates that our study introduced a novel method for quantifying the impact of the lower limbs’ physical capabilities on fall velocity. Such a method represents a significant advancement in understanding how mitigation motions can influence fall injury simulations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the Effect of Physical Ability on the Fall Mitigation Motion Using the Combination of Experiment and Simulation

Akiyama,

Yamada,

Okamoto

et al. 2024

Applied Sciences

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“…Other studies also attempted to examine the human reaction during a forward fall [24] and several different arrest strategies for reducing the impact forces. One study investigated the effect of elbow flexion movements after contacting the ground [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Forward Fall on the Outstretched Hand Using MADYMO Human Body Model

Rajaei

Abdolshah

Akiyama

et al. 2018

2018 7th IEEE International Conference on Biomedical Robotics and Biomechatronics (Biorob)

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Falls and their related injuries pose a significant risk to human health. One of the most common falls, the forward fall, frequently occurs among adults and the elderly. In this study, we propose using a human body model, developed using the MAthematical DYnamic MOdel (MADYMO) software, in place of human subjects, to investigate forward fall-related injuries. The MADYMO human body model is capable of simulating items that cannot be assessed on human subjects, such as human kinematics, human dynamics, and the possibility of injuries. In order to achieve our goal, a set of experiments was conducted to measure the impact force during a worst-case forward fall scenario (the outstretched hand position) for two short fall heights. Similar to the experimental design used on the human subjects, we generated a MADYMO human model. After performing the simulations, the results of the experiment on the human subjects and the MADYMO simulation model were compared. We demonstrated a significant correlation between the MADYMO simulation and the human subject experiments with respect to the magnitude and timing of the impact forces. Consequently, we validated the MADYMO human body model as a means to accurately assess forward fall-related injuries. Additionally, we compared the predicted results of a mathematical model with the MADYMO human body model. The MADYMO model is reliable and can demonstrate an accurate impact time. Therefore, we conclude that the MADYMO human model can be utilized as a reliable model to investigate forward fall-related injuries from a typical standing position.

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“…In addition, the attention of the biomechanical researchers has also attracted to find the effective biomechanical factors that can probably reduce the impact force in the event of a forward fall. A recent study showed that the natural reaction of the human during a forward fall has an important role in preventing injuries [22]. Other studies showed that using a typical fall arresting strategy is an effective method for reducing the fall-related fractures [23]- [26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rigid Material on Top of a Compliant Flooring Effectively Reduces the Impact Force In The Event of a Forward Fall

Rajaei

Abdolshah

Akiyama

et al. 2018

2018 IEEE International Conference on Intelligence and Safety for Robotics (ISR)

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The biomechanical studies have proposed several forward fall arresting strategies to reduce the impact forces in a human-robot collaboration environment. A proposed strategy is using a compliant flooring for an environment because it can reduce the stiffness of the ground. In this study, we proposed that if a rigid layer is mounted on a compliant flooring (double-layer flooring), the impact force is further reduced. In order to investigate this goal, we designed two subjective laboratory experiments. In experiment 1, the subjects were instructed falling to the ground where was covered by a single layer of compliant material (a foam pad). In experiment 2, the subjects fell on double-layer flooring when one rigid layer (a wood surface) was mounted on the compliant layer. The impact forces were measured for two short forward fall heights onto the outstretched hand. The results showed that the profile of the impact forces consists of two peaks. The first peak has a higher magnitude, and it is followed by the second peak with a lower magnitude. Comparing the magnitude of the first peak between two experiments shows a reduction of the impact force in experiment 2. In contrast, the magnitudes of second peaks are identical for both experiments. Therefore, we concluded that using a double-layer flooring, i.e.one rigid layer and one compliant layer can be an effective strategy for considerably reducing the impact force, and preventing the wrist fractures during the forward fall.

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Analysis of upper extremity motion during trip-induced falls

Cited by 10 publications

References 19 publications

Investigation of the Effect of Physical Ability on the Fall Mitigation Motion Using the Combination of Experiment and Simulation

Investigation of the Effect of Physical Ability on the Fall Mitigation Motion Using the Combination of Experiment and Simulation

Evaluation of Forward Fall on the Outstretched Hand Using MADYMO Human Body Model

Rigid Material on Top of a Compliant Flooring Effectively Reduces the Impact Force In The Event of a Forward Fall

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