Analysis of the performance in the linear field of Equivalent-Frame Models for regular and irregular masonry walls

Siano, Rossella; Sepe, Vincenzo; Camata, Guido; Spacone, Enrico; Roca, Pere; Pelà, Luca

doi:10.1016/j.engstruct.2017.05.017

Cited by 29 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Most of the buildings of the study area have central positions in-row configuration and present similar heights in line, a condition which contributes to the good seismic behavior of the buildings. According to Siano et al (2017), irregular openings in a wall, e.g. with different horizontal dimensions or variable number, negatively affect the load path within the structure and the global seismic response.…”

Section: Masonry Buildingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Building survey forms for heterogeneous urban areas in seismically hazardous zones. Application to the historical center of Valparaíso, Chile

Jiménez

Pelà

Hurtado

2018

International Journal of Architectural Heritage

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Building survey is an essential data-collection procedure to feed large-scale seismic vulnerability assessment. The available strategies usually consider survey forms to gather information about the urban buildings. The application of the available survey forms poses important challenges for the case of the heterogeneous urban centers including different structural typologies. This work proposes four specific survey forms for traditional structural typologies constructed with masonry, reinforced concrete, mixed steel-reinforced concrete and timber. The proposed forms request essential information on the parameters necessary for seismic vulnerability assessment, by evaluating the lateral-load resistant system, regularity, condition of conservation, and existing damages. The survey forms were applied to the study of 111 buildings of the historical center of Valparaíso, Chile. The proposed methodology was complemented with the use of Geographic Information Systems to obtain a complete database with the structural characterization of the most representative typologies for future works of large-scale seismic vulnerability assessment.

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Section: Masonry Buildingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Building survey forms for heterogeneous urban areas in seismically hazardous zones. Application to the historical center of Valparaíso, Chile

Jiménez

Pelà

Hurtado

2018

International Journal of Architectural Heritage

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“…It is convenient to consider the effect of the irreversible strains through the definition of the effective stresses, since the Cauchy stresses are computed using the values of the effective stressesσ ± and the two damage variables d ± . This can be performed through the update of the effective stresses using equations (10) and (11) in a similar way to [33] σ n+1 = λσ (16)…”

Section: Constitutive Lawmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The effect of β can now be visualised using equations (11) and (15) for the two limit cases of β → 0; 1…”

Section: Constitutive Lawmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Numerical modelling of masonry structures has undergone important developments in the last decades. The inventory of numerical methods today includes simplified techniques such as limit analysis software [5,6,7,8], equivalent frame methods [9,10,11] and macro-modelling approaches [12,13,14] to sophisticated ones as micro-modelling [15,16] and multi-scale finite element models [17,18,19]. Simplified numerical methods, like the macro-modelling ones, consider masonry as a continuum material with average properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tracking multi-directional intersecting cracks in numerical modelling of masonry shear walls under cyclic loading

2017

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In-plane cyclic loading of masonry walls induces a complex failure pattern composed of multiple diagonal shear cracks, as well as flexural cracks. The realistic modelling of such induced localized cracking necessitates the use of costly direct numerical simulations with detailed information on both the properties and geometry of masonry components. On the contrary, computationally efficient macro-models using standard smeared-crack approaches often result in a poor representation of fracture in the simulated material, not properly localized and biased by the finite element mesh orientation. This work proposes a possible remedy to these drawbacks of macro-models through the use of a crack-tracking algorithm. The macro-modelling approach results in an affordable computational cost, while the tracking algorithm aids the mesh-bias independent and localized representation of cracking. A novel methodology is presented that allows the simulation of intersecting and multi-directional cracks using tracking algorithms. This development extends the use of localized crack approaches using tracking algorithms to a wider field of applications exhibiting multiple, arbitrary and interacting cracking. The paper presents also a novel formulation including into an orthotropic damage model the description of irreversible deformations under shear loading. The proposed approach is calibrated through the comparison with an experimental test on a masonry shear wall against in-plane cyclic loading.

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“…In this case, in fact, the simplified interpretation of the structural behaviour proposed by EFM is more uncertain. In particular, the application of EFM may be limited [18] by the presence of irregular geometries [19]. In case of regular walls, i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical investigation of non-linear equivalent-frame models for regular masonry walls

Siano

Roca

Camata

et al. 2018

Engineering Structures

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The accuracy of the Equivalent Frame Method (EFM) in modelling the seismic non-linear behaviour of unreinforced masonry (URM) buildings is investigated for regular walls (i.e. walls with regular openings' distribution) with different pier-to-spandrel geometrical relations. The developed EFM is composed of pier and spandrel elements with spread plasticity to simulate the flexural behaviour and lumped plasticity to simulate the shear behaviour. The investigation focuses on checking, by means of comparison with Finite Element Model (FEM) assumed as reference, the applicability of EFM to existing buildings. These structures are often characterised by geometrical schemes difficult to be represented by ideal frames. To point out the role of the geometrical configuration, the numerical results provided by the two modelling approaches are compared for different representative cases of regular walls characterized by pier-spandrel configurations rather typical in existing URM buildings. In addition to the innovative EFM approach, based on a fiber discretized beam element, also a more traditional approach, based on beam elements with lumped plasticity, is included in the comparative study. The two different EFM approaches were implemented in the software Midas GEN © [44], while an open source software was used to implement the FEM (Kratos Multiphysics [59-60]). All the models were used to perform static non-linear analyses under equivalent loading and boundary conditions. The evaluation of EFM and FEM is derived from a comparative simulation of a two-storey URM wall experimentally tested by other researchers. Two alternative approaches are assumed for the definition of piers' effective heights in the EFM, i.e. the models proposed by Dolce [1] and Augenti [2]. The results demonstrate that remarkable differences may be detected in EFM and FEM predictions of the shear capacity and damage mechanisms as a function of pier-spandrel geometrical configurations. This result highlights the need for a cautious application of EFM to existing URM structures.

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Analysis of the performance in the linear field of Equivalent-Frame Models for regular and irregular masonry walls

Cited by 29 publications

References 25 publications

Building survey forms for heterogeneous urban areas in seismically hazardous zones. Application to the historical center of Valparaíso, Chile

Building survey forms for heterogeneous urban areas in seismically hazardous zones. Application to the historical center of Valparaíso, Chile

Tracking multi-directional intersecting cracks in numerical modelling of masonry shear walls under cyclic loading

Numerical investigation of non-linear equivalent-frame models for regular masonry walls

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