In 2015, the World Health Organization (WHO) launched the End TB Strategy, which included among its goals a 95% reduction in the incidence of tuberculosis worldwide by 2030. (1) Achieving that ambitious goal will require early diagnosis and treatment of active disease, in order to interrupt the chain of transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), as well as preventive measures. The Brazilian National Plan to End Tuberculosis as a Public Health Problem, (2) proposed by the Brazilian National Ministry of Health, also has, among its priorities, preventive treatment against tuberculosis.