Analysis of the Greenhouse Gas Emissions Problem and the Methods of Their Disposal

Abstract

Global climate change is the most important environmental current problem. Its reason is the increase of greenhouse gas concentration in the atmosphere as a result of human activity. The climate change problem affects many aspects of the environment and society's existence, therefore, the development of tools and methods for reducing greenhouse gas emissions into the atmosphere is an actual task today. The purpose of the paper is a comprehensive analysis of the greenhouse gas emissions problem state in Ukraine and the world, and to determine the main ways to solve this problem. The scientific and research paper tasks are: to provide a general greenhouse gas characteristic, determine the main consequences of climate change for Ukraine, analyze Ukraine's international steps to solve the problem of global climate change, establish the structure of greenhouse gas emissions in Ukraine, analyze existing and propose optimal chemical and technological methods for greenhouse gases neutralizing. The methodology of the study is based on a monographic type of research using general research methods of analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction and historical detailing. The results. The article provides a general greenhouse gas characteristic, the main sources of their emissions and their consequences for humans and the environment. The steps taken by the world society and Ukraine, in particular, to solve the global climate change problem are analyzed. The problem is solved by concluding international agreements to stabilize the greenhouse gas concentration in the atmosphere at a level that does not have a dangerous anthropogenic impact on the climate of Earth. It was determined that the main sources of greenhouse gas emissions in Ukraine are the enterprises of the fuel and energy complex, and enterprises of the processing and mining industry. An analysis of chemical-technological cleaning methods for greenhouse gas is presented. Practical implications. The analytical review makes it possible to choose the optimal method of greenhouse gas neutralizing in industrial emissions. The method chosen will depend on the required degree of cleaning, composition and volume of gas, properties of reagents and auxiliary materials used possibilities of disposal of cleaning process products and technical and economic indicators of the chosen method. Value/originality. The conducted research allows for a comprehensive solution to the greenhouse gas emissions problem, understanding its causes, consequences, and social and chemical-technological solutions.