Analysis of the Effectiveness of Lornoxicam and Flurbiprofen on Management of Pain and Sequelae Following Third Molar Surgery: A Randomized, Controlled, Clinical Trial

Abstract

The aim of this study was to analyze the effectiveness of Lornoxicam and Flurbiprofen in reducing perioperative sequelae after impacted mandibular third molar surgery. Ninety-one patients who needed surgical extraction of an impacted mandibular third molar were selected for the study. All subjects were randomly allocated to receive one of the following treatments twice a day for 5 days after surgery: placebo (n = 29), Flurbiprofen (n = 31), or Lornoxicam (n = 31). The primary outcome was postoperative pain, evaluated using the visual analogue scale (VAS) score at 30 min, 2, 6, 12, 24, 48 h, 7 and 10 days following surgery. The secondary outcomes chosen were changes in postoperative swelling and maximum mouth opening values compared to preoperative ones. Compared to placebo, treatment with Flurbiprofen and Lornoxicam was characterised by an improvement in the primary outcome. Moreover, the treatment with Lornoxicam presented significantly lower median pain scores at 2 h (p < 0.001) and at 6 h (p = 0.016) compared to Flurbiprofen and at 2 h (p < 0.001), 6 h (p = 0.01), and at 24 h (p = 0.018) after surgery compared with placebo. Swelling and maximum mouth opening values were not significantly different between the groups at each follow-up session. This trial demonstrated that treatment with Lornoxicam showed a decrease in the incidence and severity of pain in the first postoperative phase following third molar surgery compared to Flurbiprofen and placebo.

Evaluation of Topical Ozone Gel on Postoperative Sequelae Following Impacted Lower Third Molar Surgery

“…After that, it is common to observe the decrease of the expected postoperative complications resulting in a significant improvement of the quality of life 13 . Accordingly, many clinicians [13][14][15][16] have emphasized the necessity for better control of pain, swelling, and trismus in patients who undergo third molar surgery. The use of local or systemic corticosteroids and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is often recommended.…”

Efficiency of topical and systemic flurbiprofen on pain and edema after impacted third molar surgery and comparison of gastrointestinal adverse effects

“…Isola et al, used Lornoxicam, Flurbiprofen and placebo for pain control after impacted third molar surgery, in their study. They reported that the peak pain level in the flurbiprofen group was 12 hours 18 .…”

“…Isola et al, evaluated the efficacy of Lornoxicam, Flurbiprofen and Placebo on pain and edema after impacted third molar surgery and found that flurbiprofen was less effective than lornoxicam in the first 24 hours on pain, however, reported that all medicine group was equally effective on edema 18 . In our study, systemic and topical flurbiprofen form was used for postoperative pain and edema control after the third molar surgery.…”

Influence of Myeloperoxidase Levels on Periodontal Disease: An Applied Clinical Study

“…As an explanation of the results of the present study, it should be highlighted that the dysfunctional damage at the endothelium level found in patients with periodontitis and with CVD can be determined by a specific inflammatory and immune pathway in which MPO modulates a response towards pathogenic bacteria of the oral biofilm which are exacerbated during the active phases of periodontal damage. It has also been shown that MPO, during periodontal disease, mediates the immune response at the endothelial level through specific heat shock proteins which has been shown to be useful for stimulating the production of cross-reactive T cells [47][48][49][50][51][52]. In this regard, this process which sees MPO as a key modulator [53][54][55][56][57][58], has also been shown to influence the host defense mechanism that determines a subsequent activation of endothelial cell production [55,[58][59][60][61][62][63] which leads to an increased risk of future tissue damage effects due to periodontal pathogens bacteria in several oral diseases [43,[64][65][66][67][68].…”