Analysis of the Effective Scatters for Hyperloop Wireless Communications Using the Geometry-Based Model

Zhang, Jiachi; Liu, Liu; Wang, Kai; Han, Bing; Piao, Zheyan; Wang, Dong

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-62460-6_9

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Frequency carrier Model Scenario [14] 4.85 GHz Propagation-graph Hyperloop [20] 58 GHz GBSM Hyperloop [21] 5 GHz GBDM Hyperloop [15] 23 GHz Ray-tracing V2I in urban [16] 5.9 GHz Ray-tracing V2V in urban [17] 25/40 GHz Ray-tracing Intra-metro tube. The transmitter (Tx) is fixed on the top of the tube.…”

Section: Referencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on the simulation results, the multipath effect in vacuum tube scenarios was shown and it is less than in the existing HSR scenarios. Besides, a novel 3D non-stationary geometry-based deterministic model was used to analysed the effective scatterers for the Hyperloop train-to-ground wireless communication [16]. Ray-tracing is a deterministic method that is widely used because of its high accuracy, particularly because electronic waves exhibit an obvious mechanism of reflection at high-frequency bands.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Channel characteristics analysis of millimetre‐wave bands in Hyperloop scenarios based on ray‐tracing

Wang

Liu

Zhang

et al. 2023

IET Microwaves Antenna & Prop

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A reliable train-to-ground wireless communication system is proposed for the foundation of the safe operation of Hyperloop. The wireless channel characteristics of Hyperloops at millimetre-wave (mmWave) bands are analysed based on the ray-tracing method. Considering the reflection paths and line of sight path, the channel transfer function expression is derived for each multipath and then the channel impulse response is obtained. On this basis, the investigation and analysis of the large-scale and small-scale channel characteristics, including the path loss, shadow fading, delay spread, and angular spread of 4 different mmWave frequency carriers, that is, 28/38/45/60 GHz, are conducted. Simulation results show that the path loss increases as the frequency increases while the time delay spread and angular spread almost keep unchanged. The relevant research results will contribute to the design of future Hyperloop wireless communication systems.

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Section: Referencementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Channel characteristics analysis of millimetre‐wave bands in Hyperloop scenarios based on ray‐tracing

Wang

Liu

Zhang

et al. 2023

IET Microwaves Antenna & Prop

Self Cite

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“…Capsular vehicles have a lot of advantages over traditional on-ground transportations like high speed, capacity, fuel efficiency, operational cost, environmentally friendly, etc., [17][18][19]. Among various subject areas for realization including communication [20,21], software systems and their designs [22], performance modeling and simulations [23], energy management [24]and eco-friendly effect [25], train control management and operation [26][27][28], this paper focuses on the inter-distance control aspect in operation since its inter-distance is directly related to the number of passengers, freight, and the overall efficacy of hyperloop system operation. M. Overton et al focused on and described the capsule hazards and mitigations along with specialized evacuation processes appropriate for Hyperloop [29].…”

Section: High-speed Capsular Vehicles and Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[17][18][19]. Among various subject areas for realization including communication [20,21], software systems and their designs [22], performance modeling and simulations [23], energy management [24] and eco-friendly effect [25], train control management and operation [26][27][28], this paper focuses on the inter-distance control aspect in operation since its inter-distance is directly related to the number of passengers, freight, and the overall efficacy of hyperloop system operation.…”

Section: High-speed Capsular Vehicles and Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Study of Longitudinal Inter-Distance and Operational Characteristics for High-Speed Capsular Train Systems

Joe

2022

Vehicles

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High-speed capsular vehicles are firstly suggested as an idea by Elon Musk of Tesla Company. Unlike conventional high-speed trains, capsular vehicles are individual vessels carrying passengers and freight with the expected maximum speed of near 1200 [km/h] in a near-vacuum tunnel. More individual vehicle speed, dispatch, and position control in the operational aspect are expected over connected trains. This numerical study and investigation evaluate and analyze inter-distance control and their characteristics for high-speed capsular vehicles and their operational aspects. Among many aspects of operation, the inter-distance of multiple vehicles is critical toward passenger/freight flow rate and infrastructural investment. In this paper, the system’s equation, equation of the motion, and various characteristics of the system are introduced, and in particular control design parameters for inter-distance control and actuation are numerically shown. As a conclusion, (1) Inter-distance between vehicles is a function of error rate and second car start time, the magnitude range is determined by second car start time, (2) Inter-distance fluctuation rate is a function of error rate and second car start time, however; it can be minimized by choosing the correct second car start time, and (3) If the second car start time is chosen an integer number of push-down cycle time at specific velocity error rate, the inter-distance fluctuation can be zero.

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“…The authors estimated the radio coverage of a slot from a leaky waveguide and the radio coverage between two cells. The channel gain was computed in [121] using the geometry-based deterministic models and considering LoS and first-order (or single-bounced) components. Each single-bounced component is considered to follow the Lambertian scattering model as Model 1 in [146], where the amplitude of the signal is computed as follows,…”

Section: Radio-based Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hyperloop Communications: Challenges, Advances, and Approaches

Hedhly

Amin

Shihada

et al. 2021

IEEE Open J. Commun. Soc.

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High-speed rail (HSR) communication has always been an attractive research topic with the continuous progress of transportation systems and communication technologies. Recently, Hyperloop has emerged as a candidate for very high-speed transportation systems. Because of its outstanding potential, Hyperloop can usher in a new transportation era with several attractive features. Developing suitable communication system solutions is crucial to bring this promising technology closer to reality. In addition, the Hyperloop communication system is essential to support monitoring-and-controlling services and deliver communication services inside its capsules/pods. Throughout this article, we overview Hyperloop technology and discuss its general characterization to recognize and estimate its relative position among the current HSR communication systems. Then, we investigate different attributes of the communication system, including network architecture, quality-of-service (QoS) requirements, and critical challenges to implement a reliable communication system. With the high speed of the capsule/pod and the system's unique structure, severe Doppler effect and frequent handover may considerably affect the operation of the communication system. Because Hyperloop is a recent development, it is necessary to study the existing HSR communication technologies to determine whether they can establish robust communication links for the Hyperloop system and deliver data with the required QoS. Furthermore, we provide technical details of the current HSR technologies and related research. Subsequently, we present the recent advances in the Hyperloop communication system with classification depending on whether it is a radio-, network-, antenna-, or software-based solution. Finally, we propose future research directions that can promote an improved communication performance. Hyperloop communications, high-speed rail communications, vacuum tube communications, vehicular communications. INDEX TERMS

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Analysis of the Effective Scatters for Hyperloop Wireless Communications Using the Geometry-Based Model

Cited by 7 publications

References 16 publications

Channel characteristics analysis of millimetre‐wave bands in Hyperloop scenarios based on ray‐tracing

Channel characteristics analysis of millimetre‐wave bands in Hyperloop scenarios based on ray‐tracing

Numerical Study of Longitudinal Inter-Distance and Operational Characteristics for High-Speed Capsular Train Systems

Hyperloop Communications: Challenges, Advances, and Approaches

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