Analysis of the differences in the chemical composition of <i>monascus</i> rice and highland barley <i>monascus</i>

Chen, Jia; Zheng, Qi; Zheng, Zhenxing; Li, Yirou; Liao, Hailang; Zhao, Hui; Guo, Da‐Le; Ma, Yuntong

doi:10.1039/d2fo00402j

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…purpureus produces more than 100 secondary metabolites that include monacolins, polyketide pigments, decalin derivatives, and amino acids. These bioactive molecules play an important role in ameliorating metabolic disorders (Chen et al, 2022). Even though Monascus pigment's antimicrobial activities have been described, most of the studies were correlated to the anti-bacterial activities (Gökmen et al, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibitory effect of Monascus purpureus pigment extracts against fungi and mechanism of action

Majhi

Dhale²,

Puttananjaiah³

2023

Front. Sustain. Food Syst.

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The fungus Monascus produces several secondary metabolites of different pigment hues. These pigments have shown various biological activities. In this study, Monascus purpureus pigment extracts were tested (in vitro) against Penicillium expansum MTCC 4900, Rhizopus stolinfer MTCC 10595, and Aspergillus niger MTCC 8652 for antifungal activity. The UV–visible spectrum of M. purpureus fermented rice extracts showed λmax at 395, 425, and 500 nm. This indicated the solubility of yellow, orange, and red pigments in polar-based solvent extraction. The M. purpureus pigment extracts inhibited the radial growth and conidial germination of the test fungi. The fungi treated with pigment extract stained with DiBAC (a vital stain) emitted green fluorescence under a fluorescent microscope. These results indicated that the pigment extracts have affected the membrane potential of the treated fungi. Hence, the fungicidal activity of the pigment extracts is due to the disruption of the cell membrane. The HPLC analysis of the pigment revealed the presence of two major peaks. The UV–visible spectrum corresponding to the HPLC peak at 12-min retention time revealed the presence of orange pigment rubropunctatin. Apparently the rubropunctatin present in the extracts exhibited fungicidal activity. Further studies are warranted to assess the applications of M. purpureus pigments in preventing and treating fungus-related diseases.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibitory effect of Monascus purpureus pigment extracts against fungi and mechanism of action

Majhi

Dhale²,

Puttananjaiah³

2023

Front. Sustain. Food Syst.

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“…The VIP criterion is to infer biomarkers from the multivariate models and the t-test aims at selecting them in a univariate mode. We used the multivariate VIP (VIP >1) in conjunction with univariate t-test (p < 0.05) to identify discriminatory metabolite in the current work, as other investigators performed previously (Chen et al, 2022;Han et al, 2022). A significance threshold of one for the VIP was suggested to lead to much improved enrichment of true positives in the selection (Franceschi et al, 2012;Saccenti et al, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A significance threshold of one for the VIP was suggested to lead to much improved enrichment of true positives in the selection (Franceschi et al, 2012;Saccenti et al, 2014). A cutoff at p < 0.05 in univariate t-test has been frequently adopted by researchers (Chen et al, 2022;Han et al, 2022;Wang et al, 2022). Spearman's correlation analysis was performed to evaluate the interactions among clinical measures, smoking-related serum metabolites, and HTN-S-related gut microbial composition.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untargeted metabolomics unravel serum metabolic alterations in smokers with hypertension

Shen

Wang²,

Yang³

et al. 2023

Front. Physiol.

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Background: Cigarette smoking is an important environmental risk factor for cardiovascular events of hypertension (HTN). Existing studies have provided evidence supporting altered gut microbiota by cigarette smoking, especially in hypertensive patients. Metabolic biomarkers play a central role in the functional potentials of the gut microbiome but are poorly characterized in hypertensive smokers. To explore whether serum metabolomics signatures and compositions of HTN patients were varied in smokers, and investigate their connecting relationship to gut microbiota, the serum metabolites were examined in untreated hypertensive patients using untargeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC/MS) analysis.Results: A dramatic difference and clear separation in community features of circulating metabolomics members were seen in smoking HTN patients compared with the non-smoking controls, according to partial least squares discrimination analysis (PLS-DA) and orthogonal partial least squares discrimination analysis (OPLS-DA). Serum metabolic profiles and compositions of smoking patients with HTN were significantly distinct from the controls, and were characterized by enrichment of 12-HETE, 7-Ketodeoxycholic acid, Serotonin, N-Stearoyl tyrosine and Deoxycholic acid glycine conjugate, and the depletion of Tetradecanedioic acid, Hippuric acid, Glyceric acid, 20-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid, Phenylpyruvic acid and Capric acid. Additionally, the metabolome displayed prominent functional signatures, with a majority proportion of the metabolites identified to be discriminating between groups distributed in Starch and sucrose metabolism, Caffeine metabolism, Pyruvate metabolism, Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism, and Phenylalanine metabolic pathways. Furthermore, the observation of alterations in metabolites associated with intestinal microbial taxonomy indicated that these metabolic members might mediate the effects of gut microbiome on the smoking host. Indeed, the metabolites specific to smoking HTNs were strongly organized into co-abundance networks, interacting with an array of clinical parameters, including uric acid (UA), low-denstiy lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC) and smoking index.Conclusions: In conclusion, we demonstrated disparate circulating blood metabolome composition and functional potentials in hypertensive smokers, showing a linkage between specific metabolites in blood and the gut microbiome.

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“…Metabolomics is aimed at identifying differences in total metabolite fingerprints, which has significant advantages in the detection of chemical components that are significantly different from each other. The UPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS (ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography coupled with Orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry) based metabolomics is featured by its high sensitivity, high resolution, and specificity, And has been widely used to identify the major different chemical components in various plant samples (7). To date, there is no report about the metabolite comparison of the different parts of D. nervosa.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative bioactivity evaluation and metabolic profiling of different parts of Duhaldea nervosa based on GC-MS and LC-MS

Zhao,

Li,

et al. 2023

Front. Nutr.

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Duhaldea nervosa (Wallich ex Candolle) Anderberg has been widely used as medicine and food additive in China for a long history. Its roots, known as Xiaoheiyao, are the mainly used medicinal part, while the other tissues of D. nervosa are ignored as non-medicinal parts despite their high biomass, resulting in a huge waste of resources. To mine and expand the medicinal values of different parts of D. nervosa, metabolic analysis by GC/LC-MS and bioactivity evaluation were performed. Based on the antioxidant activity and correlation analysis, a metabolite-related network was constructed. A total of 45 volatile and 174 non-volatile compounds were identified. Among them, caffeoylquinic acids and derivatives were more abundant in roots and flowers, while coumaroyltartaric acids and derivatives were mainly present in stems and leaves. By multivariate analysis, 13 volatile and 37 non-volatile differential metabolites were found, respectively. In the bioactivity evaluation of different parts, the order of antioxidant capacity was flowers > roots > leaves or stems. The flowers showed the highest FRAP value (354.47 μM TE/g DW) and the lowest IC50 values in the DPPH (0.06 mg/mL) and ABTS (0.19 mg/mL) assay, while higher inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase was exhibited by flowers and leaves. This study first established the similarities and differences of phytochemicals and bioactivities in D. nervosa, providing a scientific basis for developing non-medicinal parts and guiding the clinical application of this medicinal and edible herb.

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Analysis of the differences in the chemical composition of monascus rice and highland barley monascus

Abstract: Monascus rice (MR) and highland barley monascus (HBM), the monascus fermented products, are applied in food and medicine to reduce cholesterol and promote digestion. Due to the fermentation substrates, their...

Cited by 4 publications

References 39 publications

Inhibitory effect of Monascus purpureus pigment extracts against fungi and mechanism of action

Inhibitory effect of Monascus purpureus pigment extracts against fungi and mechanism of action

Untargeted metabolomics unravel serum metabolic alterations in smokers with hypertension

Comparative bioactivity evaluation and metabolic profiling of different parts of Duhaldea nervosa based on GC-MS and LC-MS

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