Abstract:This article is dedicated to the research of analysis of the dependence of growth and development of winter wheat varieties Khersonska Awnless and Odeska 267 on conditions of moisture provision and mineral nutrition status, impact of indicated factors and formation of yielding capacity and grain quality. Years of research significantly varied in rainfall amount during growing season. According to moisture supply, 2016 was dry, 2017 was average humid and 2018 was subhumid, which had an impact on grain yield equ… Show more
“…3a). y = 0.13284x + 8.6563 (number of stems and productivity) (4) where: x is the number of plants, pcs/m 2 ; y -yield of dry plant, t/ha (Fig. 3b).…”
“…3a). y = 0.13284x + 8.6563 (number of stems and productivity) (4) where: x is the number of plants, pcs/m 2 ; y -yield of dry plant, t/ha (Fig. 3b).…”
“…Simultaneously with the increase in fertility indicators, soil recovery is also observed [15]. E. Domaratskyi note that this is very relevant today, because it is soil fertility that determines the level of crop productivity and the ecological balance of the environment [16].…”
Annually, soil fertility indicators decrease in Ukraine. Therefore, to ensure a deficit-free soil balance, it is necessary to attract additional reserves of organic raw materials, in particular, post-harvest residues of agricultural crops, and to use biological preparations for their destructuring. To date, the effect of stubble biodestructors on the processes of mineralization of post-harvest plant residues has not yet been fully studied, especially under different methods of main tillage, therefore the purpose of our study was to determine the influence of the destructor Ecostern Classic and the method of main tillage on its nutritional regime in the conditions of southern Ukraine. Research methods: field, laboratory. Research has established that the amount of nitrates, mobile phosphorus and exchangeable potassium that remained on average over the years of research in the soil of the experimental site after harvesting winter wheat was 6.3, respectively; 47.5 and 208.8 mg/kg of soil, and after harvesting winter barley – 5.9; 42.8 and 202.4 mg/kg of soil. After partial mineralization of plant residues of winter crops, in three months, the content of nutrients in the soil increased, especially when treated with the Ecostern Classic biodestroyer. It was determined that the use of plowing contributed to the acceleration of the mineralization of plant residues of winter wheat and the greater accumulation of nutrients in the soil. Thus, during the treatment of post-harvest remains of winter wheat with a biodestructor using plowing, 11.3 mg/kg of soil nitrates, 53.9 mg/ kg of soil of mobile phosphorus and 261.8 mg/kg of soil of exchangeable potassium were determined. For the processing of post-harvest remains of winter barley, the indicators were slightly lower – 10.5, respectively; 51.5 and 251.0 mg/ kg of soil. The practical value of the research lies in the improvement of the processes associated with increasing the fertility of the soils of southern Ukraine due to the much more rational use of post-harvest remains of winter wheat and barley
“…Winter wheat was sown as the basic crop in the study. Cultivation technology used in the experiment was common for the conditions of the south of Ukraine, except from the factors under study (Domaratskiy et al, 2019). The studied factors, namely fertilisers and bioaugmentation agent application, had the following gradations: variant 1 (St.) -no fertiliser and bioaugmentation agent; variant 2 -N 120 P 90 ; variant 3 -N 90 P 60 + non-symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria (NSNFB); variant 4 -N 120 P 90 + NSNFB.…”
Section: -Standard Control Variant Of the Study Source: Created Based...mentioning
Preventing soil degradation is an important task of modern agrarian science. Preservation and increase in beneficial soil microflora are a precondition for satisfactory ecological functioning of soil and its fertility. The purpose of this study was to investigate the dynamics of beneficial soil microflora in winter wheat crops under the impact of mineral fertilisers and Agrobacterium radiobacter on the lands of the south of Ukraine. The study was conducted in threefold replication in the conditions of the Kherson region in 2016- 2020 in the experimental fields of the Institute of Climate-Smart Agriculture of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine. The study used a systematic design, and the following factors were investigated: no fertiliser and Agrobacterium radiobacter; N120P90; N90P60 + Agrobacterium radiobacter; N120P90 + Agrobacterium radiobacter. The study on the microflora composition in the soil layer at 0-30 cm was carried out in the main stages of winter wheat growth and development through the inoculation of nutritious environment. Statistical analysis was performed using the methods of analysis of variance, correlation, and regression analysis. Dynamic changes in the soil biota composition under the influence of the studied factor were established. The slightest response to mineral fertilisers and bacterial preparation application was in ammonifying bacteria, while the strongest response was in cellulosedegrading microorganisms. The winter wheat harvesting revealed a decrease in the number of ammonifying bacteria in the soil, while the number of nitrifying and cellulose-degrading microflora increased significantly. Regression models for the prediction of the number of nitrifying bacteria and cellulose-degrading microorganisms, developed based on experimental data, have great accuracy (the error is 3.78% and 7.79%), and allow determining the adverse effect of phosphorus fertiliser on the microflora of dark-chestnut soil. The study has no analogues in Ukraine and expands theoretical knowledge about the influence of mineral fertilisers and bacterial preparation, containing Agrobacterium radiobacter, on the composition of beneficial microflora of the dark-chestnut soil
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