Analysis of the conversion of indigo into indigo carmine dye using SERRS

Shadi, I. T.; Chowdhry, Babur Z.; Snowden, Martin J.; Withnall, Robert

doi:10.1039/b403601h

Cited by 28 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(20 reference statements)

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“…The strong peak at 1290 cm 1 is assigned to the stretching modes of N1-C2/N1 0 -C2 0 and to the C-C bending mode. 66 -68 Taking into account the literature data 58,62 and according to our calculated Raman wavenumbers, this band has an -SO 3 symmetrical stretching contribution. In solution, this band is considerably increased in relative intensity and somewhat shifted (Fig.…”

Section: Raman Spectroscopies Rr Spectra Of E132 In the Solid State Amentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, the strong band observed in the SERRS spectrum at 1159 cm 1 (blue shifted from RR at 1134 cm 1 ) is due to the symmetrical SO 2 stretching mode. 58,62 Besides, this interaction generates the presence of the O12-S-O13 functional group to bend near the surface, along with the S-O bonds. This contribution is supported by the 1159 cm 1 band shape (Fig.…”

Section: Serr Spectra Of E132mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…8) and can be assigned to the out-of-plane N-H/C-C bending modes, whereas the great increase in the relative intensity of the band at 548 cm 1 in the SERR spectra is due to the C C-CO-C bending modes. 62,66,68 From all these observations we can assume that E132 molecule interacts with the silver surface through the -electrons distributed over the phenyl and pyrrolidone rings. The weak/medium band at 398 cm 1 , which is slightly red shifted and increased in relative intensity as compared to that in the solution (392 cm 1 ), is assigned to the in-plane C-S/C O bending modes, while the new weak/medium peak at 306 cm 1 can be due to the O14-Na/O14 0 -Na 0 bending modes.…”

Section: Serr Spectra Of E132mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of indigo carmine with surface‐enhanced resonance Raman spectroscopy (SERRS) using silver colloids and island films, and theoretical calculations

Peica

Kiefer

2007

J Raman Spectroscopy

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The application of resonance Raman (RR) and surface-enhanced resonance Raman (SERR) spectroscopies to the qualitative and semiquantitative analysis of the artificial dye indigo carmine has been examined using sodium-citrate-reduced silver colloid and island films with various roughnesses. Additional, the Raman spectrum of the solid state and density functional theory (DFT) calculations helped to a better understanding of the fully optimized geometry and of the vibrational wavenumbers of the dye. A strong chemical interaction of indigo carmine with the silver colloidal particles was observed mainly at very low concentration of 0.03 × 10 −9 M and with silver film surfaces at a concentration of 10 −4 M. The indigo carmine orientation possibilities while going to different metallic substrates are discussed.

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Section: Raman Spectroscopies Rr Spectra Of E132 In the Solid State Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Serr Spectra Of E132mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Serr Spectra Of E132mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of indigo carmine with surface‐enhanced resonance Raman spectroscopy (SERRS) using silver colloids and island films, and theoretical calculations

Peica

Kiefer

2007

J Raman Spectroscopy

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“…As can be seen the SERS spectrum is information-rich and the main bands that were used for quantification are 464.91, 587.79, and 727.23 cm -1 and these bands have been tentatively assigned in this figure. 39,40 It has been shown that the SERS response of many analytes is dependent on the pH of the solution in which the analyte resides, 41,42 therefore we conducted a "pH profile" of the Sudan-1 in order to optimize the signal enhancement. The pH was therefore adjusted from pH 1.4 to pH 5.3 and SERS measurements taken.…”

Section: Sers and Ph Profilingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative Analysis of the Banned Food Dye Sudan-1 Using Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering with Multivariate Chemometrics

et al. 2010

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Sudan-1 has been used for coloring food. However, recent alarms worldwide about the carcinogenic and mutagenic properties of azo-compounds have led to concerns over their human consumption. In the U.K. in 2005, over 570 products were found to be contaminated with the azo dye Sudan-1 and this and the health risks associated with this dye resulted in the subsequent international ban of this additive in all foodstuff, at all levels, relating to human consumption. These incidents have also necessitated the need for high throughput low cost reliable approaches for the detection and quantification of food contaminated by such azo compounds. While there are a small number of analytical techniques that can be considered portable, many lack sensitivity. By contrast, we show that employing a portable Raman spectrometer, using surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), can provide good sensitivity, such that Sudan-1 can be quantified in a complex food matrix reliably over the range of 10 -3 to 10 -4 mol L -1. We also demonstrate that a variety of multivariate approaches including principal components analysis (PCA), partial least-squares (PLS) regression, artificial neural networks (ANNs), and support vector regression (SVR) can be employed for the chemical analysis of this dye in a quantitative manner. Compared to the commonly used univariate approaches, where the area under a single band in assessed, the advantage of using multivariate approaches is that these algorithms can analyze the full spectra directly and the laborious task of selecting and integrating marker appropriate quantitative spectral bands can be avoided thus greatly simplifying and speeding up data analysis.

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“…Success in monitoring kinetics of synthetic chemical reactions using SERRS (a variant of SERS which includes a resonance enhancement) has been reported in, 15 as well as those detailing general enzyme activity. 16,17 Therefore the aim of the present study was to investigate whether SERS could be used to gain quantitative enzyme information from succinate dehydrogenase isolated from mitochondria. )…”

Section: -14mentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring the Succinate Dehydrogenase Activity Isolated from Mitochondria by Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering

2010

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Monitoring enzyme kinetics is an important aspect of biochemistry and is essential when studying metabolism.In this study we demonstrate that succinate dehydrogenase activity of mitochondria can be analyzed quantitatively by surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). We used the artificial electron acceptor reporter molecule 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol (DCPIP) that when oxidized is SERS active. On reduction this redox dye changes from blue to colorless and is SERS inactive. This color change allows UV/vis spectrophotometry to be used as a standard reference measurement as well as SERS. SERS analysis incorporated kinetic time course measurements and employed a portable laser Raman spectrometer using an excitation wavelength of 785 nm in conjunction with gold colloids. Good correlation coefficients and quantitative data were observed with the additional advantage that analysis by SERS also provided good fingerprint spectral information from vibrational band frequencies thus allowing the potential of multiplexing enzyme reactions. We believe that this is the first demonstration of monitoring succinate dehydrogenase activity with SERS and that SERS has considerable potential for being applied to the analysis of metabolic processes.

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Analysis of the conversion of indigo into indigo carmine dye using SERRS

Abstract: In a novel application SERRS has been used, by employing a silver sol, to monitor and analyse the conversion of indigo into the indigo carmine dye.

Cited by 28 publications

References 22 publications

Characterization of indigo carmine with surface‐enhanced resonance Raman spectroscopy (SERRS) using silver colloids and island films, and theoretical calculations

Characterization of indigo carmine with surface‐enhanced resonance Raman spectroscopy (SERRS) using silver colloids and island films, and theoretical calculations

Quantitative Analysis of the Banned Food Dye Sudan-1 Using Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering with Multivariate Chemometrics

Monitoring the Succinate Dehydrogenase Activity Isolated from Mitochondria by Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering

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