Analysis of symmetric and asymmetric glass fiber reinforced plastic laminates subjected to low-velocity impact

Singh, Kalyan; Singh, Nand K.; Jha, Ratneshwar

doi:10.1177/0021998315596594

Cited by 46 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Singh et al. [35] have reported that quasi-isotropic symmetric and asymmetric GFRP laminates are having corresponding absorb energy of 59.7 J and 45.98 J which are higher than that of laminates suggested by various researchers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Effect of through thickness separation of fiber orientation on low velocity impact response of thin composite laminates

Sharma

Khan

Ramachandran

2019

Heliyon

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The effect of separation of fiber orientation through the thickness of thin composites on their low velocity impact response is studied. The composites are prepared using unidirectional glass fiber reinforced epoxy through hand layup followed by vacuum bagging. The two dissimilar layups of composites considered have separation of composite layers with fibers having the same and different orientations through the thickness. The composites are subjected to low velocity impact using a drop-weight testing machine. The composites are evaluated using different performance parameters such as damage degree, first damage and maximum forces, first cracking energy, bending stiffness, elastic strain energy, elastic, residual and maximum displacements, permanent deformation, square-root delaminated area, delamination length and width, and contact duration. Among the two composites, it is observed that [90/-45/45/0] composite in which two layers with fibers having 90° and 0° orientations separating by two layers with fibers having -45° and 45° orientations, levels of deformation are lower and recorded force and square-root delaminated area are higher and lower, respectively for the same level of impact energy. Whereas, in case of [0/90/90/0] composite in which two layers with fibers having 0° orientations separating by two layers with fibers having 90° orientations, recorded force is lower and deformation and square-root delaminated area are higher. The [0/90/90/0] composite is having a comparatively more lateral spread of delamination and inter-layer opening than that of [90/-45/45/0] composite considering extensional and bending stiffnesses along longitudinal (A11, D11) and transverse (A22, D22) directions. This facilitates that lateral spread of damage within composite can be decreased by separating two layers of composite with 90° and 0° fiber orientations by two layers with -45° and 45° fiber orientations, i.e., [90/-45/45/0] composite.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Effect of through thickness separation of fiber orientation on low velocity impact response of thin composite laminates

Sharma

Khan

Ramachandran

2019

Heliyon

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“…The proposed quasi-isotropic symmetric laminate 41 with stacking sequence of [(0 , 90 )/(þ45 , À45 )/ (þ45 , À45 )/(90 , 0 )] S and 280 Â 280 mm 2 dimension was prepared by Vacuum Assisted Hand Layup Technique Method (VAHLTM). The magnitude in the parenthesis represents warp and weft directions of the fibres running through each ply.…”

Section: Laminate Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of short and straight carbon nanotubes on dispersion state and static/dynamic mechanical properties of woven glass fibre-reinforced polymer laminates

Singh

Gaurav

2018

Proceedings of the IMechE

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This study reports about the dispersibility of short, straight and pristine multi-walled carbon nanotubes (pCNTs) in epoxy and their effectiveness on the mechanical properties of three-phased GF/epoxy/pCNT laminates. These nanotubes were produced by arc discharge method and had an average aspect ratio (l/d) of 100. Glass fibre-reinforced polymer samples with four different weight fractions of these nanotubes (0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 wt.% of the total matrix system) were fabricated and tested for their thermo-mechanical and mechanical properties. These carbon nanotubes with small aspect ratio contributed well to the strengthening mechanism due to their homogeneous dispersion. Fractography revealed that these nanotubes formed aligned arrays that minimized entanglements between the individual tubes, thus leading to lesser agglomerates up to 1.5 wt.% of carbon nanotube loading. However, the samples modified with 2.0 wt.% of nanotubes had lesser individual tubes and more of their aggregates. Unmodified glass fibre-reinforced polymer samples had a glass transition temperature (Tg) of 139.2℃, whereas addition of 1.5 wt.% of multi-walled carbon nanotubes increased the same to 160℃. Similarly, these specimens witnessed about 21% and 34% enhancement in tensile and flexure strength over the control samples, respectively. However, these trends dropped at 2.0 wt.% carbon nanotube loading owing to nanotubes aggregation but were higher than those of the neat epoxy composite. Samples containing carbon nanotubes witnessed higher fatigue life which proves that multi-walled carbon nanotubes with smaller aspect ratio are capable of obstructing fatigue crack growth.

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“…Menna et al., 4 Chandekar et al., 5 Singh et al. 6 studied the composite specimens which were subjected to impact loading. Specimens were analyzed with increasing impact energy under low-velocity impact loading using LS-DYNA and the results were compared with experimental analysis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As it was seen for both of the studies that the numerical results were in good agreement with experimental results, there have been quite some studies about glass fiber composites to understand the low-velocity impact behavior. Menna et al, 4 Chandekar et al, 5 Singh et al 6 studied the composite specimens which were subjected to impact loading. Specimens were analyzed with increasing impact energy under low-velocity impact loading using LS-DYNA and the results were compared with experimental analysis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental and numerical behaviors of GFRP laminates under low velocity impact

Yalkın

Karakuzu

Alpyıldız

2020

Journal of Composite Materials

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The aim of the study is to investigate the behavior of laminated composites under low velocity impact both experimentally and numerically. With this aim, the effects of wide range impact energy values between 10 J and 60 J were evaluated experimentally and numerically for the laminate of [±45/(0/90)2]S oriented unidirectional E-glass as reinforcing material and epoxy resin for matrix material. Different impactor velocities were used to maintain the impact energy values and experimental impact tests were generated with drop weight impact testing machine at room temperature. Numerical simulations were performed using LS-DYNA finite element analysis software with a continuum damage mechanics-based material model MAT058. Contact force between impactor and laminate, and transverse deflection at the center of laminate results were obtained as a function of time and used to plot contact force–time curves, contact force–deflection curves and absorbed energy-impact energy curves. Also, delamination area was examined. Finally, numerical results were compared with experimental results and a good correlation between them was observed.

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Analysis of symmetric and asymmetric glass fiber reinforced plastic laminates subjected to low-velocity impact

Cited by 46 publications

References 19 publications

Effect of through thickness separation of fiber orientation on low velocity impact response of thin composite laminates

Effect of through thickness separation of fiber orientation on low velocity impact response of thin composite laminates

Effectiveness of short and straight carbon nanotubes on dispersion state and static/dynamic mechanical properties of woven glass fibre-reinforced polymer laminates

Experimental and numerical behaviors of GFRP laminates under low velocity impact

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