Analysis of strength development in cement-stabilized silty clay from microstructural considerations

Horpibulsuk, Suksun; Rachan, Runglawan; Chinkulkijniwat, Avirut; Raksachon, Yuttana; Suddeepong, Apichat

doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2010.03.011

Cited by 487 publications

(172 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Trials on stabilization of soil using cement dates back to 1917 and, since then, it has gained a wide acceptance and usage in different engineering applications all over the world. Recently, various authors reported on the use of cement in construction works with earth materials and the improvement of engineering properties of these soils as well as lower water absorption (Walker, 1995;Bahar et al, 2004;Horpibulsuk et al, 2010;Goodary et al, 2012;Cong et al, 2014;and Khemissa and Mahamedi, 2014).…”

Section: Cement + H 2 O Csh + Ca(oh) 2 Equationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of the use of lateritic soils in the construction/development of sustainable housing in Africa: A geological perspective

Oyelami

Rooy

2016

Journal of African Earth Sciences

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Highlights• Appraisal of the previous work in the use of tropical soils in low cost, energy efficient housing development.• It established CEBs as sustainable building materials for a sustainable environment.• Identification of lateritic soils as suitable material in the production of CEBs.• Established the importance of parent rock material (its type and mineralogy) in strength and durability of CEBs.• Discouraging the common practice of firing clay bricks for the sake of sustainable environment. AbstractLateritic soils have been described as highly weathered tropical or sub-tropical residual soils with varying proportions of particle sizes ranging from clay size to gravel, usually coated with sesquioxide rich concretions. It is sometimes referred to as brick earth based on its use. The use of laterite and lateritic soils have been found to promote the realization of decent housing and bridging the housing deficit, especially in Africa.The author has attempted to review available information on the recent trends in building bricks and housing development with the aim of identifying a suitable soil material that will meet the present challenge of sustaining the environment without costing too much and maintaining a high standard of strength, durability and aesthetics. A critical review of laterite and lateritic soils from a geological point of view indicated these soils to be one of the best natural materials used in the production of compressed earth bricks. Lateritic soils are mostly well graded, comprising both cohesive (silt and clay) and cohesionless (sands and gravels) soil fraction, it contains sesquioxides and clay minerals which are very useful in the natural binding process as well as in the presence of most chemical binders.Compressed earth bricks are mainly composed of raw earth materials (soil) with their cohesion due principally to the clay fraction present in both humid and dry states. CEB's promote building in a 'sustainable' way and offers a good prospect to using our resources in an efficient manner while creating dwellings that improve human health, well-being and preserving a better environment, with an affordable and natural alternative.

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Section: Cement + H 2 O Csh + Ca(oh) 2 Equationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of the use of lateritic soils in the construction/development of sustainable housing in Africa: A geological perspective

Oyelami

Rooy

2016

Journal of African Earth Sciences

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“…Water content, cement content, and curing time have been investigated by Horpibulsuk et al [10] in an effort to analyze the performance of cementstabilized silty clay. It was estimated that with time, the large pores are filled with cementitious products, increasing the small pore volume, and decreasing the total pore volume.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of curing period on the engineering characteristics of a cement-stabilized soil

Athanasopoulou

2016

Romanian Journal of Transport Infrastructure

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Very often, pavements constructed in an economical manner or matching surface elevations of adjacent lanes cannot be designed for the soil conditions of the existing subgrade. Therefore, there is a need to stabilize the soil with an appropriate chemical substance in order to increase its strength to a satisfactory level. For the enhancement of subgrade soil strength characteristics, lime and cement are the most commonly used stabilizers. An experimental program was directed to the evaluation of a clayey soil and its mixtures with different cement contents performing tests on the index properties, the moisture-density relation, the unconfined compressive strength, and linear shrinkage. There is a definite improvement in strength. The time interval used to cure the prepared specimens affected positively both strength and plasticity features of the mixtures. A comparison with mixtures of the same soil with lime has been made, because of the wide use of lime in clay soil stabilization projects.

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“…Essas agulhas curtas observadas nos dois estudos citados são semelhantes aos filetes identificados na Figura 11c e 11d. HORPIBULSUK et al [11] analisaram o efeito do tempo de cura na distribuição granulométrica das amostras compactadas na energia Proctor modificado com 10% de cimento durante o período inicial de cura (menor que 7 dias). Os autores observaram que o volume dos poros menores que 0,1µm diminuiu significativamente enquanto que o volume maior que 0,1µm aumentou ligeiramente.…”

Section: Minerais Principais Minerais Subordinadosunclassified

“…Neste estudo, as amostras foram avaliadas no MEV após 31 dias de cura. Sendo assim, é observada a existência de poros menores conforme relatado no estudo de HOR-PIBULSUK et al [11].…”

Section: Minerais Principais Minerais Subordinadosunclassified

“…HORPIBULSUK et al [11] observaram que a resistência desenvolvida com o acréscimo de cimento para um teor de água específico é classificada em três zonas: ativa, inerte e deterioração. Na primeira zona, constatou para os teores de cimento entre 0-10%, que o volume dos poros menores que 0,1 micrômetros diminuiu significativamente com o acréscimo desse aditivo por causa do aumento dos produtos de cimento.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Estudo laboratorial de um solo tropical granular estabilizado quimicamente para fins de pavimentação

Rocha

2017

Matéria (Rio J.)

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RESUMOA estabilização química é uma técnica adotada para melhorar solos regionais no emprego de sub-bases e bases de pavimentos. No entanto, as metodologias de dosagem utilizadas na prática são baseadas em ensaios simples e não conseguem prever e explicar o comportamento mecânico das misturas. Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar a estabilização química de um cascalho laterítico empregado na camada de base de uma rodovia. Para tanto, foi estudada a mistura utilizada na obra (78% cascalho, 20% de areia e 2% de cimento), bem como misturas do mesmo cascalho com 2, 4 e 6% de cimento e de cal hidratada. Foram realizados ensaios laboratoriais para a caracterização do solo, compactação na energia Proctor intermediária, expansão, Índice de Suporte Califórnia, compressão simples e triaxial dinâmico das misturas moldadas na condição ótima de compactação para três tempos de cura (0, 7 e 28 dias). Para interpretação dos resultados em termos de módulo de resiliência, foram realizadas análises numéricas com o programa KENLAYER. Para complementação das análises dos resultados de resistência foram realizados ensaios de difração de raios-X e microscopia eletrônica de varredura. Os resultados obtidos mostram que para o solo em questão, a estabilização química com cal pouco contribuiu com o aumento dos parâmetros de resistência. Já o uso do cimento apresentou maior potencial de utilização. As diferenças de comportamento observadas nos ensaios de compressão simples e triaxial dinâmico foram explicadas por mudanças que acontecem na microestrutura durante o processo de estabilização. Por fim, concluiu-se que o processo de estabilização de solos tropicais é complexo, sendo que ensaios mecânicos, como o triaxial dinâmico, e parâmetros não convencionais para análise de solos para pavimentação, como a relação água/cimento e porosidade, devem ser incorporados nas análises para a obtenção de resultados mais consistentes.Palavras-chave: Ensaios laboratoriais. Estabilização de solos. Solo-cal. Solo-cimento. Pavimento asfáltico. ABSTRACTThe chemical stabilization is a technique used to improve regional soils on the use of pavements subbases and bases. However, dosing methodologies still used in practice are based on simple tests, and cannot predict and explain the mixtures mechanical behavior. This study aims to analyze the chemical stabilization of a lateritic gravel used in the base layer of a highway. To this end, studied the mixture used in the site (78% gravel, 20% of sand and 2% of cement), and the same gravel mixtures with 2, 4 and 6% cement and hydrated lime. Laboratory tests were performed to characterize the soil, compaction in the Intermediate Proctor energy, expansion, California Bearing Ratio, unconfined compression and dynamic triaxial mixtures molded in optimum compaction condition for three curing times (0, 7 and 28 days). The resilient moduli results were evaluated by numerical analysis using KENLAYER software. To complement the analysis of the resistance results, X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy tests wer...

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Analysis of strength development in cement-stabilized silty clay from microstructural considerations

Cited by 487 publications

References 29 publications

A review of the use of lateritic soils in the construction/development of sustainable housing in Africa: A geological perspective

A review of the use of lateritic soils in the construction/development of sustainable housing in Africa: A geological perspective

The role of curing period on the engineering characteristics of a cement-stabilized soil

Estudo laboratorial de um solo tropical granular estabilizado quimicamente para fins de pavimentação

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