Analysis of shock and vibration in truck transport in Japan

Abstract

To propose potential lab-simulated vibration tests for developing appropriate cushioning packaging, we recorded vibration acceleration during truck transport, including large sporadic shocks in regular smaller vibration so that acceleration did not cover a normal probability distribution and could not be considered as random vibration. We extracted all shock acceleration from vibration during local road and highway transport and studied the causes. We found that shocks were caused by road roughness, metal joints, difference in levels on the asphalt-surfaced road, pedestrian crossings, manholes, road curves, left and right turns, railroad crossings, etc. After removing shock events from all vibration acceleration during transport, we reconstructed remaining acceleration as continuous vibration. Vibration acceleration followed the normal probability distribution and could be considered random.

On the time compression (test acceleration) of broadband random vibration tests

“…Studies have focussed on understanding the characteristics of shocks that occur during road and rail distribution and proposing the development of methods to simulate such characteristics in BRV tests (shock on random testing or real-time high level on time-compressed BRV). [15][16][17][18] These newer developments have demonstrated that conventional BRV tests are not true simulations of the distribution vibration environment and have raised (unanswered) questions over the validity of the single level BRV test. However, the single level test remains the method defi ned by most packaging performance standards.…”

A brief review on palletized products transportation technology

“…On local roads, the source of the shocks was a result of difference in levels on the asphalt-surfaced road, pedestrian crossings, manholes, road curves, left and right turns, and railroad crossings. This research results suggest that irregularities in road surfaces greatly influence shock levels [4].…”

“…A safe carriage of goods is often strictly related to safe driving [4]. Highway transportation crashes were the leading cause of fatal injuries in the United States for both workers and the general population from 2003 to 2008, where only truck transportation accounted for 2,320 highway deaths [5].…”

“…Some of the most relevant forces can be found in regular products while in carriage are due to: sloshing, vibration and shocks [1,4,20,25,26,27,28]. The present work will mostly cover these three sources, since other forces do not affect the conditions of products as much as the aforementioned ones.…”

Environmental data recording, analysis and simulation of transport vibrations

“…The research of Lu et al 7 reports on measurements of truck transport in Japan but concentrates specifi cally on shocks, which are included with the vibration. The paper indicates that the probability distribution function (PDF) of the combined shock and vibration data does not follow a standard normal distribution and, therefore, cannot be considered a truly random vibration.…”