Analysis of Serum Endothelial Cell-Specific Molecule 1 (Endocan) Level in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus With Acute ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction and its Correlation

Abstract

Endothelial cell-specific molecule 1 (ESM-1; endocan) is expressed by endothelial cells, and it can be overexpressed in diabetic patients. However, little is known concerning diabetic patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Therefore, we assessed serum ESM-1 level in patients having type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) STEMI; 72 patients with DM (38 with and 34 without vascular disease) and 33 individuals as a control group were included. There was a significant difference in serum ESM-1 level between the T2DM group and the control group (P = .03). There was also a significant difference in serum ESM-1 level between the T2DM with STEMI group and newly diagnosed T2DM group without vascular disease (P = .01). In patients with T2DM, serum ESM-1 levels correlated positively with high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels and the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (r = .321, P = .006 and r = .320, P = .006). Our findings suggest that serum ESM-1 level may be a novel endothelial dysfunction biomarker and it may be related to vascular disease in T2DM.

Endocan and a novel score for dyslipidemia, oxidative stress and inflammation (DOI score) are independently correlated with glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in patients with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes

“…Although several previous studies have shown higher endocan levels in T2D [8,10,11], some others showed the opposite, i.e. lower endocan levels in T2D than in controls [12].…”

“…Also, a recent study of Lv et al [26] suggested that serum endocan might be a reliable parameter for the early diagnosis of subclinical atherosclerosis in T2D patients, showing its independent relationship with carotid intima-media thickness. Furthermore, higher levels of endocan were also reported in T2D patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction compared with the newly diagnosed untreated T2D patients and healthy controls [8]. Moreover, Arman et al [11] showed a significant decrease in endocan levels in patients with T2D after 3-month follow-up with lifestyle modification and anti-hyperglycemic treatment.…”

“…In line with this, endocan is emerging as a novel biomarker of endothelial dysfunction [7,8] that is found to be increased in CVD and T2D. Its ability to stimulate endothelial cells to secrete a variety of proinflammatory cytokines, promote migration of leukocytes, and increase blood vessel permeability makes this proteoglycan a promising biomarker for recognizing increased atherosclerotic disease risk burden [9].…”

Predicting Critical Duration and Reversibility of Damage in Acute Mesenteric Ischemia: an experimental study

“…Our purpose in adding endocan to SCUBE-1, which is activated by platelet aggregation, was to estimate the condition in the endothelial area. Qui et al [21] showed that in patients with acute myocardial infarction, endocan may be used to evaluate endothelial dysfunction. Detecting the endocan level early may be useful in identifying individuals at high risk and thus allowing for early intervention to reduce the prevalence of AMI.…”

Is endocan a novel potential biomarker of liver steatosis and fibrosis?

“…Not only that it is secreted by endothelial cells, but endocan also stimulates these cells to secrete other inflammation markers (i.e. cytokines), contributes to leukocytes migration, and has an impact on permeability of blood vessels (2)(3)(4), all of which further aggravate inflammation and increase cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk burden.…”