Analysis of Risk Factors for Falls in the Elderly with Dementia.

Kanemura, Naohiko; Kobayashi, Ryuji; Inafuku, Kae; Hosoda, Masataka; Minematsu, Akira; Sasaki, Hisato; Tanaka, Sachiko; Shirahama, Kunji; Ueda, Takehito; Kamoda, Chie; Miyamoto, Hisakazu; Maejima, Hiroshi; Yoshimura, Osamu

doi:10.1589/jpts.12.27

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Fall diagnoses were frequent and increased throughout the study years. Similar to this study, other studies reported 30-60% fall rates among patients with dementia (Buchner & Larson 1987, Kanemura et al 2002, who are vulnerable to falls, fractures and complications of the bedridden state. These are probable reasons why nurses in this study frequently used nursing diagnoses and interventions for safety, such as surveillance safety and fall prevention.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Using a Nursing Minimum Data Set with older patients with dementia in an acute care setting

Park¹,

Delaney²,

Maas³

et al. 2004

Journal of Advanced Nursing

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The results provide a description of nursing diagnoses and interventions for elders with dementia in an acute care setting using the Nursing Minimum Data Set framework. They identify the need to develop staff education programmes for individualized care of older patients with dementia. In addition, they support the need for continued work on linkage of the nursing care elements of the Nursing Minimum Data Set, including nursing diagnoses, nursing interventions, and nursing-sensitive outcomes.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Using a Nursing Minimum Data Set with older patients with dementia in an acute care setting

Park¹,

Delaney²,

Maas³

et al. 2004

Journal of Advanced Nursing

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“…A series of studies have reported that demographics (e.g., age, gender, ethnicity), chronic diseases (e.g., dementia, parkinsonism, stroke, hypertension, depression, and diabetes mellitus), medications (e.g., antidepressants, sedatives, antihypertensives, antipsychotics), and other factors were correlated with falls in older adults, but there were also some areas of divergence in these research results 1 , 5 , 17 , 18 , 19 ) . The discrepancy may come from differences in race, living residence, geographical variation, cultural background, lifestyle, or other factors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence and related clinical factors of falls among older Chinese veterans in military communities: a prospective study

Chen

Jin

et al. 2015

J Phys Ther Sci

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[Purpose] The aim of this study was to determine fall incidence and explore clinical factors of falls among older Chinese veterans in military communities. [Subjects and Methods] We carried out a 12-month prospective study among 13 military communities in Beijing, China. Fall events were obtained by self-report to military community liaisons and monthly telephone interviews by researchers. [Results] Among the final sample of 447 older veterans, 86 fell once, 25 fell twice or more, and 152 falls occurred altogether. The incidence of falls and fallers were 342/1,000 person-years and 249/1,000 person-years. In Cox regression models, independent clinical factors associated with falls were visual acuity (RR=0.47), stroke (RR=2.43), lumbar diseases (RR=1.73), sedatives (RR=1.80), fall history in the past 6 months (RR=2.77), multiple chronic diseases (RR=1.53), multiple medications (RR=1.34), and five-repetition sit-to-stand test score (RR=1.41). Hearing acuity was close to being statistically significant. [Conclusion] The incidences of falls and fallers among older Chinese veterans were lower than those of Hong Kong and western countries. The clinical risk factors of falls were poor senses, stroke, lumbar diseases, taking sedatives, fall history in the past 6 months, having multiple chronic diseases, taking multiple medications, and poor physical function. The preventive strategies targeting the above risk factors are very significant for reducing falls.

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“…One possible explanation for this selectivity in effects of postural deformation on postural control is that postural deformation specifically affects the feedforward system that maintains postural control. As many studies have found [31][32][33][34] , falls involving elderly persons occur most often during motion in activities of daily living. Furthermore, the methods used to evaluate control of COG during motion are very simple and safe, as described in this paper.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship between Postural Deformation and Standing Balance in Elderly Person

Maejima

Takeishi

Sunahori

et al. 2004

J Jpn Phys Ther Assoc

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Abstract. Falling due to unstable standing balance is considered to be the main cause of bone fractures, which lead elderly persons to becoming bedridden. Thus, the standing balance of elderly persons is being given increasingly greater attention. On the other hand, postural deformation caused by deformation in the spine and lower leg joints is considered to have an effect on standing balance. The objective of this study is to clarify the effect of postural deformation on the following three categories of standing balance; 1) the ability to immobilize Center of Gravity (COG) in standing statically, 2) the ability to control COG during movement and 3) the postural response induced by postural sway. Fifty elderly persons (age:77.7 ± 6.4 years old, fifty females) participated in this study. Postural deformation was measured using a Spinal Mouse, a device for non-invasive measurement of spinal curvature and photographic image in sagittal plane. In line with to Nakata's classification of postural deformation, subjects were classified by extension type, S-character deformation type, flexion type, hands on the knee type and normal group. In order to assess the ability to immobilize COG in static standing, Center of Pressure (COP) in static standing was measured for 30 sec. In order to assess the ability to control COG during movement, functional reach, maximal length of stride and the period of 10 m gait were measured. Postural response was induced by fore-aft perturbation of the platform on which the subjects stood. Postural responses were assessed by measuring both COP, and electromyography (EMG) of muscles in the lower legs. There was little significant difference among the five groups concerning postural deformation in every measured item, neither in the ability to immobilize COP in static standing, nor in the postural response induced by postural sway. However, the results of measured items concerning the ability to control COG during movement were significantly worse in flexion type and hands on the knee type compared with the normal group. It was suggested that postural deformation in elderly persons effects exclusively on the ability to control COG during movement in standing balance.

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Analysis of Risk Factors for Falls in the Elderly with Dementia.

Cited by 12 publications

References 8 publications

Using a Nursing Minimum Data Set with older patients with dementia in an acute care setting

Using a Nursing Minimum Data Set with older patients with dementia in an acute care setting

Incidence and related clinical factors of falls among older Chinese veterans in military communities: a prospective study

The Relationship between Postural Deformation and Standing Balance in Elderly Person

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