Analysis of Quality and Land Characteristics That Control Local Maize Production in Gorontalo

Abstract

Increase national maize production has not been followed by an increase in maize productivity per unit area because maize was grown on land that was not suitable with these land quality. This study aims to determine the land quality that control of local maize production. This research was conducted at the Gorontalo Regency. A total of 33 mapping units had been established containing data of soil properties, climate and terrain divided into land quality, as well as data of local maize production. A partial least square of structural equation models (PLS-SEM) analysis was used to determine the land quality and characteristics that control of local maize production through testing the validity and reliability of variables, as well as testing structural models. The results showed that the all manifest variables were valid and able to explain well the latent variables, except for texture, cation exchange capacity, and base saturation. Furthermore, the latent variables temperature, water availability, oxygen availability, nutrient retention, nutrients availability, sodicity, erosion hazard, flood hazard, and land preparation used has good composite reliability and high reliability because of the composite reliability and alpha cronbach >0.6, except for rooting media. Land quality that control of the local maize production were the oxygen availability (X1), rooting media (X2), nutrient retention (X3), nutrients availability (X4), erosion hazard (X5), and land preparation (X6) with the best equation: Y = 1.805 + 0.276X1 + 0.303X2 + 0.353X3 + 0.346X4 -0.337X5 -0.303X6. The land characteristics that control of the local maize production were drainage (X1), coarse material (X2), effective depth (X3), pH KCl (X4), C-organic (X5), total N (X6), available K (X7), slope (X8), soil erosion (X9), surface rock (X10) and rock outcrop (X11) with the best equation: Y = 2.447 + 0.187X1 -0.212X2 + 0.153X3 + 0.349X4 + 0.166X5 + 0.169X6 + 0.313X7 -0.352X8 -0.230X9 -0.237X10 -0.187X11.

Pertumbuhan Dan Hasil Tanaman Jagung Lokal Varietas Motorokiki Pada Beberapa Kelas Lereng Dan Dosis Pupuk NPK Di Payu, Gorontalo

“…Jagung mengandung karbohidrat, protein dan lemak yang tinggi, sehingga berpotensi menjadi bahan pangan pokok dan sumber pangan fungsional (Lalujan et al 2017). Peningkatan produktivitas jagung merupakan salah satu faktor utama dalam pengembangan tanaman pangan (Nurdin et al, 2021). Jagung di Indonesia ditanam pada agroekosistem yang beragam, mulai dari lingkungan berproduksi tinggi sampai yang berproduktivitas rendah yang menjadikan produktivitas tidak maksimal, sehingga diperlukan teknologi produksi spesifik lokasi sesuai dengan kondisi lingkungan setempat (Zubachtirodin et al, 2008).…”

“…Salah satu sentra produksi jagung di wilayah Kabupaten Gorontalo dan masih dijumpai petani yang menanam jagung lokal adalah Kecamatan Mootilango. Eksistensi jagung lokal Gorontalo mulai punah karena petani lebih memilih menanam jagung hibrida dengan program subsidi benih jagung gratis dari Pemerintah (Nurdin et al 2021). Selain karena produktivitas jagung lokal yang rendah (Sirappa dan Syamsuddin 2015) petani juga membudidayakan jagung pada lahan berlereng yang rentan terjadinya degradasi lahan.…”

“…Permasalahan dalam pengelolaan lahan kering berlereng bervariasi pada setiap wilayah, baik aspek teknis maupun sosial ekonomis (Nurdin et al, 2021). Namun dengan strategi dan teknologi yang tepat, berbagai masalah tersebut dapat diatasi.…”

Determination of Land Suitability Criteria for Maize Hybrid in Boalemo Regency Based on Optimum Yield and Selected Land Quality

“…Tis country ranked 8th among the maize-producing nations with a contribution of 2.19% and 2.42% of the world's total harvested area [5]. However, the main problem is the relatively low level of yield in several regions because the achievement of maize production has not been followed by an increase in yield per unit area [6]. Tis is indicated by the average yield in 2020, which was up to 5.57 ton/ha [5].…”

“…Tis indicated that the productivity of hybrid maize is still higher than local maize [18], but with lower achievement compared to the national maize production of 5.57 tons/ha [5], and has not yet reached the target of 5.60 tons/ha in 2021 [19]. Te production of hybrid maize in Gorontalo can reach 9.78-13.11 tons/ha [20] because it is often cultivated on land that does not meet the required qualities [6]. Terefore, there is a need to determine land quality-based hybrid maize land suitability criteria for site-specifc land use planning in Boalemo District.…”