Analysis of properties of partially stabilized zirconia-doped Na + -beta-alumina prepared by calcining-cum-sintering process

A dramatic reduction in the sintering temperature of the refractory sodium β′′-alumina solid electrolyte via cold sintering

“…1600°C) followed by post-sintering calcination of the sintered ceramic in the presence of a sodium source, resulting in the formation of a β''-alumina/YSZ composite. [16], [17] These composites are highly conductive and strong but contain a large volume fraction (ca. 30 vol.%) of non-conductive YSZ which is required for oxygen diffusion during the conversion reaction.…”

Microwave assisted sintering of Na-β’’-Al2O3 in single mode cavities: Insights in the use of 2450 MHz frequency and preliminary experiments at 5800 MHz

“…The common sintering processes require time prolonged and high temperature conditions (> 1600°C) that usually cause unwanted sodium evaporation, leading to compositional variations and loss of ionic conductivity, excessive grain growth and extremely high energy consumptions [4]. Recently, some authors demonstrated that the introduction of MgO [20], NiO [21], or ZrO2-based oxides [11,[22][23][24] as sintering aids could limit excessive grain growth and improve the mechanical properties of the densified samples. However, in many cases the electrical performance of final sintered specimen was deteriorated, due to the presence of some secondary phases [21,22].…”

“…Recently, some authors demonstrated that the introduction of MgO [20], NiO [21], or ZrO2-based oxides [11,[22][23][24] as sintering aids could limit excessive grain growth and improve the mechanical properties of the densified samples. However, in many cases the electrical performance of final sintered specimen was deteriorated, due to the presence of some secondary phases [21,22]. Hence, further improvements are still required in order to develop suitable methods for fabricating -alumina based materials with well-controlled stoichiometry and microstructure.…”

New P2-Type Honeycomb-Layered Sodium-Ion Conductor: Na2Mg2TeO6

“…Oxide electrolytes have attracted increasing attention because of their high ionic conductivity, large electrochemical windows, and high chemical stability. − β/β″-alumina and NASICON-type Na 3 Zr 2 Si 2 PO 12 are two kinds of common oxide sodium solid electrolytes. Superionic conductor β/β″-alumina was commercialized early on and mainly applied in high-temperature Na–S batteries. , NASICON-type Na 3 Zr 2 Si 2 PO 12 was discovered in 1976 by Hong et al, and its conductivity is ∼1.0 × 10 –3 S cm –1 at RT . However, its stability is not suitable for sodium-ion systems because of poor electrolyte–electrode contact …”

“…Superionic conductor β/β″-alumina was commercialized early on and mainly applied in high-temperature Na−S batteries. 19,20 NASICON-type Na 3 Zr 2 Si 2 PO 12 was discovered in 1976 by Hong et al, and its conductivity is ∼1.0 × 10 −3 S cm −1 at RT. 21 However, its stability is not suitable for sodium-ion systems because of poor electrolyte−electrode contact.…”