Analysis of pro‐ and anti‐inflammatory cytokine gene variants and serum cytokine levels as prognostic markers in breast cancer

Kaur, Raman Preet; Vasudeva, Kanika; Singla, Heena; Benipal, Raja Paramjeet Singh; Khetarpal, Preeti; Munshi, Anjana

doi:10.1002/jcp.26901

Cited by 16 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 47 publications

(78 reference statements)

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“…Unfortunately, the CBA Human Th1/Th2 Cytokine Kit demonstrated below standard range and out of invertible range, which was impossible to detect the inflammatory process. The studies which were found in the literature with this kind of cytokine kit used humans with high or acute inflammation level such as leukemia, breast cancer, and lupus erythematous (Drabko, Bojarska‐Junak, & Kowalczyk, 2006; Kaur et al, 2018; Schneider et al, 2015), but there were no studies found with spinal cord injury, amputation, and CP against inflammation, so far.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammation in people witha physical disability treated with a standardized extract ofNasturtium officinale: A randomized, double‐blind, and placebo‐controlled trial

Clemente

Miguel

Gribner

et al. 2020

Phytotherapy Research

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It is well established that plants from the Brassicaceae family, particularly watercress, have been associated to reduce oxidative DNA damage. Nasturtium officinale R. Br (watercress) contains glucosinolates, with anti-inflammatory action and protective effect on human health against oxidative stress. We aimed to evaluate whether the standardized extract of Nasturtium officinale (SENO) is capable of changing biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammation in people with physical disabilities. 65 people enrolled this study: as a control group composed by; 15 people with no physical disability assessed once, 25 people with physical disabilities using 750 mg/kg/day of SENO, and 25 people with physical disabilities using 750 mg/kg/day of placebo-control for 5 weeks. Biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammation were analyzed on day 0 and 36. The results indicated that SENO was associated with decreasing levels of lipid peroxidation, protein carbonyl, catalase, superoxide dismutase, and C-reactive protein. Furthermore, the cytokine kit demonstrated below and out of invertible range, which was impossible to detect the inflammatory process. Despite the cytokine kit was not able to detect the inflammation; these data might provide supportive evidence that SENO, have affected positively people with physical disabilities decreasing their biomarkers of oxidative stress and C-reactive protein. Further studies are required.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammation in people witha physical disability treated with a standardized extract ofNasturtium officinale: A randomized, double‐blind, and placebo‐controlled trial

Clemente

Miguel

Gribner

et al. 2020

Phytotherapy Research

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“…Chimeric switch receptors (CSRs) reverse the suppressive impact of inhibitory molecules on CAR T cells, by converting negative signals into positive signals. IL-4 is present at elevated levels in multiple solid tumors [148]. It plays a crucial role in promoting tumor progression, by increasing the resistance of tumor cells to apoptosis and by downregulating Th1-polarized T cell responses [149].…”

Section: Chimeric Switch Receptormentioning

confidence: 99%

Gene modification strategies for next-generation CAR T cells against solid cancers

et al. 2020

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Immunotherapies have become the backbone of cancer treatment. Among them, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells have demonstrated great success in the treatment of hematological malignancies. However, CAR T therapy against solid tumors is less effective. Antigen targeting; an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME); and the infiltration, proliferation, and persistence of CAR T cells are the predominant barriers preventing the extension of CAR T therapy to solid tumors. To circumvent these obstacles, the next-generation CAR T cells will require more potent antitumor properties, which can be achieved by gene-editing technology. In this review, we summarize innovative strategies to enhance CAR T cell function by improving target identification, persistence, trafficking, and overcoming the suppressive TME. The construction of multi-target CAR T cells improves antigen recognition and reduces immune escape. Enhancing CAR T cell proliferation and persistence can be achieved by optimizing costimulatory signals and overexpressing cytokines. CAR T cells equipped with chemokines or chemokine receptors help overcome their poor homing to tumor sites. Strategies like knocking out immune checkpoint molecules, incorporating dominant negative receptors, and chimeric switch receptors can favor the depletion or reversal of negative T cell regulators in the TME.

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“… 6 , 7 Furthermore, it is peripheral blood leukocytes that constitute a functional reserve for tumor microenvironment cells. 8 Heterogeneity of malignant tumors is known to be based on marked intratumoral diversity of XYZ that ensures various levels of cytokine secretion; these levels are specific to each particular tumor. 23 Although the currently known molecular subtypes of breast cancer determine the treatment strategy, they do not allow interpretation of a tumor’s immunobiological environment, whose functional characteristics include cytokines.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The main processes taken into account in the choice of cytokines were immunosenescence (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, G-CSF, and GM-CSF), chronic inflammation (IL-1β, IL-1Ra, IL-6, IL-8, IL-18, TNF-α, VEGF, and MCP-1), and immune evasion (IL-2, IL-4, IL-10, IL-17, and IFN-γ). 6 – 8 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytokines in various molecular subtypes of breast cancer

Autenshlyus

Davletova

Вараксин

et al. 2021

Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol

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Introduction Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease that has multiple molecular and morphological subtypes. Nonetheless, the relation between various molecular subtypes and functional characteristics of a tumor in terms of cytokine secretion remains unknown. Methods We studied spontaneous and mitogen-induced cytokine secretion by invasive breast carcinoma of no special type (IBC NST; cultured tumors and cultured peripheral blood cells), depending on a molecular tumor subtype (where “mitogens” means “polyclonal activators” (PA): phytohemagglutinin p, phytohemagglutinin M, concanavalin A, and Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were used to determine concentrations of IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-17, IL-18, IL-1β, IL-1Ra, TNF-α, IFN-γ, G-CSF, GM-CSF, VEGF, and MCP-1 in culture supernatants of the tumors and peripheral blood cells. Results The luminal B HER2-positive molecular subtype of IBC NST was found to feature the highest spontaneous secretion of IL-6 and IL-8 and the highest mitogen-induced secretion of IL-6, IL-8, IL-1Ra, and TNF-α by tumors; the highest mitogen-induced secretion of IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-1β, TNF-α, IFN-γ, and G-CSF by peripheral blood cells; and the highest cytokine-producing potential (the ratio of mitogen-induced to spontaneous secretion) of peripheral blood cells for the secretion of IL-6, IL-8, and IL-1Ra as compared to other molecular subtypes. The triple-negative subtype of IBC NST was characterized by the lowest cytokine-producing potential of tumors for the secretion of IL-6 and IL-8 as compared to other molecular subtypes as well as a lower “stimulation index of polyclonal activators” (calculated as (cytokine secretion after incubation with PA)/(spontaneous cytokine secretion)) for IL-18 secretion as compared to luminal subtypes. The XYZ correlated with a suppressive effect of PA on cytokine secretion by tumors of the triple-negative molecular subtype. Conclusion Therefore, our findings indicate that in IBC NST of luminal B HER2-positive and triple-negative molecular subtypes, the cytokine network has distinctive functional features.

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Analysis of pro‐ and anti‐inflammatory cytokine gene variants and serum cytokine levels as prognostic markers in breast cancer

Cited by 16 publications

References 47 publications

Biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammation in people witha physical disability treated with a standardized extract ofNasturtium officinale: A randomized, double‐blind, and placebo‐controlled trial

Biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammation in people witha physical disability treated with a standardized extract ofNasturtium officinale: A randomized, double‐blind, and placebo‐controlled trial

Gene modification strategies for next-generation CAR T cells against solid cancers

Cytokines in various molecular subtypes of breast cancer

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