Analysis of phylogeny, distribution, and pathogenicity of Botryosphaeriaceae species associated with gummosis of Anacardium in Brazil, with a new species of Lasiodiplodia

Abstract

Netto, M. S. B., Lima, W. G., Correia, K. C., da Silva, C. F. B., Thon, M., Martins, R. B., Miller, R. N. G., Michereff, S. J., and Câmara, M. P. S. 2016. Analysis of phylogeny, distribution, and pathogenicity of Botryosphaeriaceae species associated with gummosis of Anacardium in Brazil, with a new species of Lasiodiplodia. We identified Botryosphaeriaceae species associated with gummosis on Anacardium in Brazil. Isolates were sampled and identified on the basis morphology and phylogeny, through analysis of a partial translation elongation factor 1-α sequence, ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacers, and β-tubulin gene sequence. Ten taxa were identified, namely, Lasiodiplodia brasiliense, L. euphorbicola, L. gonubiensis, L. iraniensis, L. jatrophicola, L. gravistriata sp. nov., L. pseudotheobromae, L. theobromae, Neofusicoccum batangarum, and Pseudofusicoccum stromaticum. Lasiodiplodia theobromae has been previously reported in cashew and is the most prevalent species observed. All the other species are reported here for the first time on this host. All species of Botryosphaeriaceae were pathogenic on detached green cashew shoots. Differences in aggressiveness were observed among the species, with N. batangarum, L. iraniensis, L. jatrophicola, and L. gravistriata characterized as the most aggressive species, whilst L. euphorbicola and L. pseudotheobromae were identified as the least aggressive.

Botryosphaeriaceae species causing dieback on Annonaceae in Brazil

“…However, there had already been reports of it causing dieback and stem‐end rot on mango in Brazil (Phillips et al , ; Marques et al , ), gummosis on Anacardium sp. (Netto et al , ) and, in the present study, causing dieback on A. muricata and atemoya. Thus, as has already been speculated for Botryosphaeriaceae (Slippers & Wingfield, ), it is possible that P. stromaticum survives as an endophyte in several hosts, but can cause disease in plants under stress conditions.…”

“…In several studies carried out in Brazil, L. theobromae was found to be one of the most dominant species in the studied populations associated with different hosts (Netto et al , ,; Correia et al , ; Rosado et al , ). However, in the present study, this species occurred at a low frequency among the isolates (5%), with L. brasiliense (4%) and L. hormozganensis (2%) also being at a low frequency.…”

“…In Brazil, this species was one of the most prevalent in the northeastern region, associated with stem‐end rot on mango trees (Marques et al , ), and it was reported causing dieback on Anacardium sp. (Netto et al , ). The results of the present study demonstrate the wide distribution of L. iraniensis (Jaíba, Minas Gerais; Parambú and Trairi, Ceará), infecting a variety of hosts ( A. squamosa , atemoya and A. muricata ).…”

“…In Brazil, it was reported on cassava (Machado et al , ), coconut (Rosado et al , ), grapevine (Correia et al , ), mango (Marques et al , ), physic nut (Machado et al , ), papaya (Netto et al , ), Anacardium sp. (Coutinho et al , ; Netto et al , ), atemoya, Spondias purpurea and Tamarindus indica (Coutinho et al , ). In this study, L. pseudotheobromae was associated with A. squamosa , A. muricata and atemoya, and was found on the fruit of A. crassiflora as well as causing dieback on A. leptopetala , a native Annonaceae from the north of Minas Gerais.…”

Genetic diversity and population structure of Lasiodiplodia theobromae from different hosts in northeastern Brazil and Mexico

“…Maria Menezes’ (CMM) of the Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Brazil. The identity of all isolates was confirmed by sequencing a partial region of the translation elongation factor 1α ( EF1‐ α) and the rDNA ITS region as described in previous studies (Marques et al ., ; Netto et al ., , ; Correia et al ., ). The isolates from Brazil were collected between 2006 and 2013 from cashew ( n = 27), mango ( n = 21), papaya ( n = 29) and grapevine ( n = 23), and the isolates from Mexico were collected in 2014 from mango ( n = 17) (Table ).…”