Analysis of phthalate acid esters in environmental water by magnetic graphene solid phase extraction coupled with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry

Quantification of Six Phthalates and One Adipate in Luxembourgish Beer Using HS-SPME-GC/MS

“…Conventional solid phase extraction and liquid-liquid extraction have been used for the detection of phthalates in liquids such as bottled water (Farahani et al 2007;Ye et al 2014), tea, coffee, juices (Wu et al 2014) and alcoholic beverages (Russo et al 2014). These techniques have been found suitable for the detection of phthalates with low detection limits down to 3-60 ng/L in drinking water (Serôdio and Nogueira 2006).…”

Performance of graphene sheets as stationary phase for capillary gas chromatographic separations

“…The reduction can be performed through hydrothermal reduction [12,13], chemical reduction [14] and so forth. Recently, graphene has been reported in separation science as adsorption material for sample preparation [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] and as stationary phase for liquid chromatography (LC) [25,26] and capillary electrochromatography (CEC) [25,27].…”

Determination of phthalate esters in environmental water by magnetic Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework-8 solid-phase extraction coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography

“…Remarkably, the proposed Fe 3 O 4 @ZIF-8 as well as C 18 -Fe 3 O 4 @mSiO 2 possesses marvelous properties of restrictedaccess material, which could eliminate the influence of biological macromolecules on adsorption capacity (see Supplementary Materials). The amount of absorbent used in the proposed method (20 mg/20 mL) is less than those in most of previous methods [16,17,20,21]. The whole extraction was completed within 16 min with the proposed Fe 3 O 4 @ZIF-8 as sorbent.…”

“…In these methods, the typical PAEs like DMP, DEP, DBP, BBP and DOP are likely to be selected for MSPE enrichment studies. In view of the convenience and easy-handling of magnetic separation, various materials have been used to develop MSPE method for enriching PAEs, such as mesoporous silica composites with modified interior pore-walls [15,16], graphene [17][18][19], dummy molecularly imprinted composites [20], the diatomaceous earth-supported composites [21] and MOFs. Remarkably, the proposed Fe 3 O 4 @ZIF-8 as well as C 18 -Fe 3 O 4 @mSiO 2 possesses marvelous properties of restrictedaccess material, which could eliminate the influence of biological macromolecules on adsorption capacity (see Supplementary Materials).…”

“…Additionally, the magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) based on various magnetic nanoparticles became more and more popular in recent years [13,14]. Due to the simple mechanism of magnetic separation, MSPE also showed great potential applications in preconcentration and separations of PAEs [15][16][17][18][19][20][21].…”