Analysis of Peroxyacyl Nitrates by Gas Chromatography with Electron Capture Detection.

Darley, Ellis F.; Kettner, K. A.; Stephens, Edgar R.

doi:10.1021/ac60197a028

Cited by 96 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…A widely used, mature, robust, and sensitive technique is gas chromatography with capillary columns and electron capture detection (e.g., Darley et al, 1963;Blanchard et al, 1990;Schrimpf et al, 1995;Williams et al, 2000;VolzThomas et al, 2002;Flocke et al, 2005); this measurement technique is referred to as PAN-GC in this manuscript. A relatively new and increasingly popular technique is thermal dissociation chemical ionization mass spectrometry (TD-CIMS).…”

Section: T W Tokarek Et Al: a Gas Chromatograph For Quantificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A gas chromatograph for quantification of peroxycarboxylic nitric anhydrides calibrated by thermal dissociation cavity ring-down spectroscopy

et al. 2014

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Abstract. The peroxycarboxylic nitric anhydrides (PANs, molecular formula: RC(O)O 2 NO 2 ) can readily be observed by gas chromatography (PAN-GC) coupled to electron capture detection. Calibration of a PAN-GC remains a challenge, because the response factors differ for each of the PANs, and because their synthesis in sufficiently high purity is non-trivial, in particular for PANs containing unsaturated side chains. In this manuscript, a PAN-GC and its calibration using diffusion standards, whose output was quantified by blue diode laser thermal dissociation cavity ringdown spectroscopy (TD-CRDS), are described. The PAN-GC peak areas correlated linearly with total peroxy nitrate ( PN) mixing ratios measured by TD-CRDS (r > 0.96). Accurate determination of response factors required the concentrations of PAN impurities in the synthetic standards to be subtracted from PN. The PAN-GC and its TD-CRDS calibration method were deployed during ambient air measurement campaigns in Abbotsford, BC, from 20 July to 5 August 2012, and during the Fort McMurray Oil Sands Strategic Investigation of Local Sources (FOSSILS) campaign at the AMS13 ground site in Fort McKay, AB, from 10 August to 5 September 2013. The PAN-GC limits of detection for PAN, PPN, and MPAN during FOSSILS were 1, 2, and 3 pptv, respectively. For the Abbotsford data set, the PAN-GC mixing ratios were compared, and agreed with those determined in parallel by thermal dissociation chemical ionization mass spectrometry (TD-CIMS). Advantages and disadvantages of the PAN measurement techniques used in this work and the utility of TD-CRDS as a PAN-GC calibration method are discussed.

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Section: T W Tokarek Et Al: a Gas Chromatograph For Quantificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A gas chromatograph for quantification of peroxycarboxylic nitric anhydrides calibrated by thermal dissociation cavity ring-down spectroscopy

et al. 2014

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“…The GC-ECD technique using packed columns was developed for the detection of PAN by Stephens and co-workers [23][24][25][26]. However, the authors reported that a sensitivity of ∼1 ppbv (parts per billion by volume) for PAN using a typical sample volume of 2 mL of air is insufficient for quantifying the trace levels of PAN that are often encountered in the atmosphere.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct and simultaneous determination of trace-level carbon tetrachloride, peroxyacetyl nitrate, and peroxypropionyl nitrate using gas chromatography-electron capture detection

Zhang

Liu

et al. 2012

Journal of Chromatography A

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a b s t r a c tGas chromatography equipped with electron capture detector (GC-ECD) has been widely used for detecting atmospheric peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) and peroxypropionyl nitrate (PPN). However, to the best of our knowledge, only a few capillary columns have been adopted for separation to achieve the direct and simultaneous analysis of the two atmospheric pollutants. This paper demonstrates a novel method for directly and simultaneously measuring atmospheric carbon tetrachloride (CCl 4 ), PAN, and PPN using GC-ECD with a DB-1 separation column. The responses of the GC-ECD to PAN, PPN, and CCl 4 were individually calibrated by using gas mixtures prepared via volatilization of synthesized solutions of PAN and PPN or high-purity CCl 4 reagent in a Teflon Bag. The concentrations of PAN and PPN in the synthesized solutions were quantified by ion chromatography (IC). Further calibration of the GC-ECD for PAN was conducted by in situ photochemical formation of gaseous PAN which was quantified by a NO x analyzer. The two calibration methods agreed well with each other, and the overall uncertainties for measuring atmospheric PAN were estimated to be ±13% and ±15% based on the calibrations of IC and NO x , respectively. The detection limits (three times the signal to noise ratio) for PAN, PPN, and CCl 4 were estimated to be 22, 36, and 5 pptv (parts per trillion by volume), respectively. The atmospheric concentrations of these compounds were measured for several days in August in Beijing, and the values obtained in this study were found to be in good agreement with the data reported in the literature for Beijing using other GC-ECD methods.

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“…The determination of these compounds, which are detectable with an electron capture detector, can be performed without any enrichment [33,34]. The basic design [35] of asemi-automaticanalyzer for monitoring them is shown in Figure 11.…”

Section: Atmospheric Photochemical Oxidantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High resolution chromatographic techniques for the evaluation of atmospheric pollutants

Liberti¹,

Ciccioli²

1986

J. High Resol. Chromatogr.

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SummaryThe use of high resolution chromatographic techniques for the determination of species of great importance in atmospheric pollution is critically reviewed. Attention has been focused on those pollutants recently recognized to be responsible for biological activity of particulate matter, acid deposition, and photochemical smog generation. The unique contribution made by capillary GC to the solution of environmental problems is demonstrated by the results obtained in the identification of several nitrofluoranthene/pyrene isomers in urban dust, industrial emissions, and automobile exhaust and by the selective determination of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin in fly-ash emitted from urban incinerators. Also organic components dissolved in rain-water can beanalyzed by capillary chromatography after sample enrichment on traps filled with solid sorbents. The recent availability of sampling procedures suitable for the collection of gaseous species which play an important role in acid deposition makes possible their determination by chromatographic techniques. Inorganic acids, sampled through high efficiency annular denuders to obtain discrimination between gaseous species and aerosols, can be determined by ion chromatography. Peroxyacyl nitrates, relevant to photochemical pollution, can be determined by GC combined with electron capture detection. New fields of application for high resolution chromatography are discussed.

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Analysis of Peroxyacyl Nitrates by Gas Chromatography with Electron Capture Detection.

Cited by 96 publications

References 9 publications

A gas chromatograph for quantification of peroxycarboxylic nitric anhydrides calibrated by thermal dissociation cavity ring-down spectroscopy

A gas chromatograph for quantification of peroxycarboxylic nitric anhydrides calibrated by thermal dissociation cavity ring-down spectroscopy

Direct and simultaneous determination of trace-level carbon tetrachloride, peroxyacetyl nitrate, and peroxypropionyl nitrate using gas chromatography-electron capture detection

High resolution chromatographic techniques for the evaluation of atmospheric pollutants

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